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REPHRASING THE WORLD

REPHRASING THE WORLD. Some examples to kick off. Present Perfect. The last time I went to Brazil was ten years ago. I … HAVEN’T BEEN TO BRAZIL FOR TEN YEARS. I … HAVEN’T BEEN TO BRAZIL SINCE 2001. He hasn’t smoked since 2005. THE LAST TIME… HE SMOKED WAS IN 2005. Past Perfect.

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REPHRASING THE WORLD

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  1. REPHRASING THE WORLD Some examples to kick off

  2. Present Perfect • The last time I went to Brazil was ten years ago. • I … HAVEN’T BEEN TO BRAZIL FOR TEN YEARS. • I … HAVEN’T BEEN TO BRAZIL SINCE 2001. • He hasn’t smoked since 2005. • THE LAST TIME… HE SMOKED WAS IN 2005.

  3. Past Perfect • The president got elected. Then, she took some decisions. • AFTER… THE PRESIDENT HAD GOT ELECTED, SHE TOOK SOME DECISIONS. • BEFORE… SHE TOOK SOME DECISIONS, THE PRESIDENT HAD GOT ELECTED.

  4. FUTURE CONTINUOUS AND PERFECT • The football match starts at 20:45 and finishes at 22:30. • AT 21:00, … THE PLAYERS WILL BE PLAYING A FOOTBALL MATCH. • BY 23:00, … THE MATCH WILL HAVE FINISHED. • BY 23:00, … AJAX WILL HAVE BEATEN THE SUGAR OUT OF REAL MADRID.

  5. GOING TO • She has the intention of leaving her husband soon. • SHE IS… GOING TO LEAVE HER HUSBAND SOON.

  6. CONTRAST CLAUSES • We alternate “connector + noun” and “connector + phrase” and connector at the beginning of the sentence structures. • Although it rained, we decided to go camping. • Despite… the fact it rained, we decided to go camping. • Despite… the rain, we decided to go camping. • In spite of the fact he knew all the answers, he failed the exam. • Although… he knew all the answers, he failed the exam. • Las Vegas is in the middle of the desert. However, millions of people go there every year. • Although… Las Vegas is in the middle of the desert, millions of people go there every year. • Despite… the fact that Las Vegas is in the middle of the desert, millions of people go there every year.

  7. CAUSE AND CONSEQUENCE • Three possibilities: Cause to Consequence, Consequence to Cause or Cause to Cause. • CAUSE TO CAUSE: • I didn’t understand the lesson because the teacher spoke too fast. • Due to… the fact that the teacher spoke too fast, I didn’t understand the lesson. • As… the teacher spoke too fast, I didn’t understand the lesson. • CONSEQUENCE TO CAUSE: • The teacher spoke too fast. Therefore, I didn’t understand the lesson. • Due to… the fact that the teacher spoke too fast, I didn’t understand the lesson. • I didn’t… understand the lesson because the teacher spoke too fast. • CAUSE TO CONSEQUENCE: • I didn’t understand the lesson because the teacher spoke too fast. • The teacher… spoke too fast. Therefore, I didn’t the understand the lesson. • The teacher spoke so… fast that I didn’t understand the lesson.

  8. MODALS • See modals presentation and exercises.

  9. ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS: comparisons • The soya grows faster than other plants. Equality : Other plants… don’t grow as fast as the soya. Inferiority: Other plants… grow less fast than the soya. Opposite : Other plants… grow more slowly than the soya. • I speak English better than you do. You don’t… speak English as well as I do. You… speak English worse than I do. • Nobody plays better than Iniesta. Superlative:Iniesta… is the best player (in the world). • No woman is more beautiful than Scarlett Johanson. Scarlett Johanson… is the most beautiful woman.

  10. ADJECTIVES: too + adjective and adjective + enough • He’s too lazy to go to university • He isn’t… hard-working enough to go to university • This hotel is too expensive for me. • This hotel isn’t… cheap enough for me.

  11. PASSIVE VOICE • They saw somebody strange on the street. • SOMEBODY STRANGE… WAS SEEN ON THE STREET. • My landlady showed me my room. • I… WAS SHOWN MY ROOM BY MY LANDLADY. • MY ROOM WAS SHOWN TO ME BY MY LANDLADY.

  12. REPORTED SPEECH • My friend said: “it’s very hot today”. • MY FRIEND SAID THAT… IT WAS VERY HOT THAT DAY. • Her classmate asked her: “When are we finishing all these exams?” • HER CLASSMATE ASKED HER WHEN THEY WERE FINISHING ALL THOSE EXAMS.

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