17 November 2010 Unmanned Maritime Systems Overview

1. 17 November 2010Unmanned Maritime Systems Overview Presented to: The Maritime Alliance Conference Presented by: CAPT Duane Ashton, Unmanned Maritime Systems, PMS 406 Program Manager (202) 781-1393 duane.ashton@navy.mil

2. Agenda • Portfolio • Unmanned Undersea Vehicles • Unmanned Surface Vehicles • Unmanned Vehicle Challenges • Summary

3. Unmanned Maritime SystemsPortfolio ASW USV Seafox USV UISS U S V SMCM UUV UOES 1 & 2 SMCM UUV BPAUV UUV FUTURE Large Diameter UUV MUSCL UOES UISS Increment 2 Acquire, deliver, and maintain operationally effective Unmanned Maritime Systems (UMS) as fully functional and integrated systems for the war fighter, and to direct UMS experimentation and technology maturation to develop future UMS capability

4. Unmanned Undersea Vehicles

5. Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) Master Plan

6. SMCM UUV UOES Increment 1 UOES employed from Mine Counter Measures Ships (MCMs) and crafts of opportunity 2 -- Man Portable Class REMUS (Hydroid) UUVs 1 -- Lightweight Class Bluefin UUV Operated by NOMWC Used to tactics, techniques, and procedures development Both systems: Marine Sonics side scan sonar UOES Objectives: Mitigate Surface MCM UUV program risk Training, Tactics and Procedures (TTP) development

7. SMCM UUV UOES Increment 2 Synthetic Aperture Sonar – dual frequency Range 100M HF provides high resolution (1”X1”) imagery Low frequency band provides limited buried mine detection capability 4X higher area search rate than Increment 1 Environmental data collection Technical challenges Vehicle Reliability Sonar Post-Mission Analysis Software Delivery to Naval Oceanographic Mine Warfare Command (NOMWC) planned FY11 2 User Operational Evaluation systems 2 vehicles and support equipment Employed from MCM-1 Class and craft of opportunity

8. SMCM UUV Acquisition Low Frequency Broadband Synthetic Aperture Sonar Detect and identify buried mines in a high clutter environment Leverages Office of Naval Research (ONR) and Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) technology development System consists of 2 Heavyweight UUVs per system Launch and Recovery Device Vehicle Maintenance Cradle Base Pallet Support Equipment and Spares Vehicles operate autonomously per a pre-programmed mission plan Iridium SATCOM link monitors system position/health and can abort/retask missions Deploy from Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) Milestone B planned for 1QFY11 ONR/NRL vehicle shown

9. Power and Energy: Capable of greater than 60 days Endurance Vehicles System Endurance and reliability beyond 3 months Biofouling Resistant and novel camouflaging techniques Integration of payloads with a vehicle Covert and reliable Communications with high data rate transfer (Acoustic, RF, Laser) Low power, high density, affordable Data storage Operations Extended Fully Autonomous operations Within a GPS/Comms denied environment With no operator control or re-tasking With Dynamic environmental effects Contact avoidance with high traffic density Low signature fishing/high speed vessels/crafts Trawlers High End Threats Network/Data Exfiltration Vulnerability/detectability Mission planning Automated mission plans and re-tasking based on environment, mission objectives, system performance (optimal and degraded), and system health Survivability Detectability/Signature Fault tolerance & recovery Threat detection/Sense & avoid Anti-tamper capability/techniques into UUV subsystems Information Assurance for UUV Payloads and C2 systems Weapons/deployable payloads Large Diameter UUV Challenges

10. Unmanned Surface Vehicles

11. Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) Master Plan

12. Unmanned Influence Sweep System (UISS) Overview Host Ship Software Radios/Comms Multi-Operator Control Unit, Core System Controller. Payload Control Interfaces, Video, Mission Planning Multi-Vehicle Communication System, VRC-99 (Future RT/1499) Radio, Iridium Radio (Back-up), Antennas Support Equipment Support Module, Spares, Tools, Handling Equipment, Slings, Cradle Launch & Recovery Remote Operational Pack, LCS Interfaces Comms Range 8 to 12 NM MCM Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) USV Command & Control (C2) Unmanned Surface Sweep System (US3) NSWC CCD Design, built for LCS Compatibility Boat Control System Acoustic and Magnetic Influence Sweep Acoustically/magnetically sweep underwater mines using an LCS deployed unmanned watercraft which follows preplanned routes 12

13. Unmanned Influence Sweep System Status Capability Description • The UISS is comprised of the Unmanned Surface Sweep System (US3) payload installed on board a MCM USV. The integrated USV/US3 will be deployed from LCS or Ships of Opportunity. • The UISS provides the LCS with a stand-off, long endurance, semi-autonomous minesweeping capability to counter acoustic and/or magnetic influence mine threats in the littoral environment. • Program transitioned from ONR FY07 • Establishing Acquisition Program Baseline • Analysis of Alternatives completed – Capabilities Development Document under development • Technology Readiness Assessment completed & Approved • Completed E2E Phase III testing for the LCS MCM Mission Package UISS Supporting LCS MCM MP Testing

14. UISS Hardware Overview • Magnetic Sweep Cable (stowed) • Coaxial Configuration • Low-Corrosion Electrodes • High-Temperature Insulation • Power Supply Subsystem • Microturbine Generator • NiMH High Voltage Battery • Electronics Arch/ Navigation Sensors • Radar • Video Cameras • Microphone • Signal Horn • Hailer • Electronics Room • Primary & Backup Mission Computers • INU/GPS • Remote Sweep Computer • Video servers and recorders • Comms system • Deploy & Retrieve Mechanism • Cable Tension Powered • Fairlead • Electric Winch • Winch Motor Controllers • Multi-Speed Level-Wind • MK 104 Acoustic Generator (stowed) • Single Throat • Upgraded Float • Payload Bay • Attachment points • Ventilation/Exhaust • Engine Room • Twin 540 HP Cummins QSC8.3L Diesel engines • Automated fire suppression system Steering Room

15. Mine Countermeasure (MCM) USV Payload Protected from environment 4,000 lbs + Fuel = Interface Requirement Towing 2,500 lbs tow force @ 25 knots in Sea State 2 • Craft Characteristics • Aluminum Construction • Twin 540 HP Cummins QSC8.3L engines • Twin 27” Diameter Propellers • 40’ L x 11.5’ W x 10.2’ H (Arch Retracted) • 22,600 lb Full Load • Endurance • 5.5 hr total mission time • 2.5 hr sweep • 2 hr transit • 1 hour loiter 15

16. Modular Unmanned Surface Craft Littoral (MUSCL) MUSCL is a man-portable USV with Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities for the Riverine environment Developed by Naval Surface Warfare Centers Panama City and Combatant Craft Division Deployed from Riverine Patrol Boat (RPB) or Riverine Assault Boat (RAB) Status: Design concepts and payload are defined. Preliminary Design Review conducted August 2010 Concept Design Operator Control Station MUSCL employed from RPB

17. Harborwing Autonomous USV Built by Harborwing (Hawaii) Tri-hull, high performance composite platform fitted with a hard wing airfoil sail and hydrofoils - environmentally friendly Mission areas: Designed for long-range, long duration open ocean missions to provide low-cost, real-time situational awareness and response to Commanders Status: Fabricated prototype and conducted Sea Trials

18. SEAFOX Built by Northwind Marine (Seattle, WA) 2 (Mk1) and 6 (Mk2) SEAFOX USVs delivered to Fleet User Operational Evaluation System (UOES) Commands Mission areas supported: Riverine Operations Maritime Expeditionary Support Forces (MESF) NSW METOC Expeditionary Support Mayport ATG Status: UOES completed end of FY09; Craft transferred to NECC Norfolk (2), ATG Mayport (1), NOOC Stennis (1), NEO Dahlgren (1), NPS Monterey (1) Mk1 Mk2

19. Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) USV Craft Characteristics Length: 36 ft Beam: 11.2 ft Full load displacement: 23,049 lbs Payload: 5000 lbs Engines: Twin diesels, Water Jets (440 mhp each) Towing: 1,600 lb/20 kt • Provides non-persistent, long range, semi-autonomous ASW detection capability • Low Frequency Bi-static • Mid Frequency Mono Static • Integrated with ASW Mission Payloads • USV Towed Array System (UTAS) • Multi-static Off-board Source (MSOBS) • USV Dipping Sonar (UDS) • 2 USVs delivered for LCS ASW MP 1

20. Unmanned Vehicle Challenges Standardization Common Control/Architectures Modular Open Systems Vehicle and Payload Interfaces Reliable Launch and Recovery Technology High Capacity Energy Sources Navigation, Guidance, Control Autonomy Obstacle/Collision Avoidance Cooperative Behavior Robust Communications Sensor and Sensor Processing Computer Aided Detection/ Classification

21. USV Inherent Characteristics • Displacement Platforms • Large Payloads • Long Endurance • Air Breathing Propulsion • Long Range • Long Endurance • High Speed • RF Comms • Real-time connectivity • Moderately Stealthy • Low-Cost / Technical Complexity USVs have unique attributes for many missions Energy Source: ACTUV Brief, Rob McHenry, AUVSI Program Review 2010, data based on an analysis of published UxS characteristics circa 2000

22. Summary Fleet experience with UxVs is growing Acquisition program plans are progressing Technology challenges remain Areas to explore for cooperation Autonomy, payloads, cable design Project Agreement, Foreign Comparative Testing, Joint-Development