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Neurotransmitters: Catecholamines & Acetylcholine Chapters 5 & 6

Neurotransmitters: Catecholamines & Acetylcholine Chapters 5 & 6. Catecholamines Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Serotonin Glutamate GABA. Neurotransmitter Families. Neurotransmitters. Structural features of catecholamines. Synthesis of Catecholamines.

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Neurotransmitters: Catecholamines & Acetylcholine Chapters 5 & 6

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  1. Neurotransmitters:Catecholamines & AcetylcholineChapters 5 & 6 • Catecholamines • Dopamine • Norepinephrine • Epinephrine • Acetylcholine • Serotonin • Glutamate • GABA

  2. Neurotransmitter Families Neurotransmitters

  3. Structural features of catecholamines

  4. Synthesis of Catecholamines “rate-limiting enzyme”

  5. CatecholeminesSome adjectives • Dopamine (DA) • “dopaminergic” • Norepinephrine (NE) • “noradrenergic” • Epinephrine (EPI) • “adrenergic”

  6. Storage of Catecholaminesvesicular monoamine transporter protein (VMAT2)

  7. Behavioral effects of reserpine http://home.caregroup.org/clinical/altmed/interactions/Images/Herbs/rauwolfi.gif

  8. Dopamine Systems in the Brain • Mesolimbic pathway • Reinforcement • Mesocortical pathway • Planning • Nigrostriatal pathway • Movement

  9. Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease • Difficulty moving • Tremor in resting body parts • Loss of balance, frequent falls • Cognitive dysfunctions in memory, abstract thinking, language • Premature death http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=82609&rendTypeId=4

  10. Damage to the substantia nigra http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/neuroslides/slides/slide199.jpg

  11. Causes of Parkinson’s Disease • Degeneration of substantia nigra • Less dopaminergic activity in basal ganglia • Discovery of MPPP  MPTP and MPP+

  12. A typical dopaminergic neuron

  13. D1 and D2 receptors

  14. Catalepsy can be produced by D2 receptor antagonists

  15. Norepinephrine http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homepage/class/Psy301/Salinas/sec2/Brain/31.GIF

  16. Role of the locus coeruleus in vigilance

  17. Synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh)

  18. Functions of Acetylcholine (ACh) • Neuromuscular junction (movement) • Central nervous system (learning and memory)

  19. cholinergic synapse

  20. Acetylcholine Receptors • Nicotinic receptors • Neuromuscular junctions • Ionotropic (ion channel) • Curare works on these receptors • Muscarinic receptors • Metatropic (second messengers) • Hippocampus, striatum • Morphine • Also located in heart and smooth muscles • Nightshade

  21. Cholinergic synapses in the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches of the ANS

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