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Reading Guide Ch. 14 Healthful Eating

Reading Guide Ch. 14 Healthful Eating. FACS 1. 1. Define Nutrients. Chemical substances found in food, which help the body work properly. 2. Define Nutrition. The science of how nutrients support the body. 3. What is the main purpose of carbohydrates?. The body’s main source of energy.

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Reading Guide Ch. 14 Healthful Eating

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  1. Reading Guide Ch. 14Healthful Eating FACS 1

  2. 1. Define Nutrients. • Chemical substances found in food, which help the body work properly.

  3. 2. Define Nutrition. • The science of how nutrients support the body.

  4. 3. What is the main purpose of carbohydrates? The body’s main source of energy.

  5. 4. What is another name for simple carbohydrates? • Sugars

  6. 5. In what foods do you find simple carbohydrates? • Milk, fruits, some vegetables, • Candy, cookies, cakes. • Syrups, honey, jelly

  7. 6. What is another name for complex carbohydrates? • Starches

  8. 7. In what foods do you find complex carbohydrates? • Grains: rice, pasta, grits, oatmeal • Breads • Corn, peas, potatoes • Cereal

  9. 8. What does fiber do for the body? • Moves waste products through the digestive tract.

  10. 9. What do proteins do for the body? • Growth, maintenance and repair of body tissues.

  11. 10. What are amino acids? • A component of proteins. • The building blocks of protein.

  12. Complete: Contain all the amino acids the body needs. Incomplete: Contain some of the amino acids the body needs. 11. What is the difference between complete proteins and incomplete proteins?

  13. 12. What foods supply complete proteins? • Come from animal products • Meat, poultry, fish / shellfish, dairy, eggs

  14. 13. What foods supply incomplete proteins? • Come from plant products. • Grains: rice, pasta, grits • Dry beans • Nuts • Sees

  15. 14. Name the 5 functions of fats. • 1. Energy • 2. Insulate the body • 3. Protect and cushion organs • 4. Help distribute fat soluble vitamins • 5. Supply essential fatty acids.

  16. Saturated Solid at room temperature Come from animal fats Meats, butter, dairy Unsaturated Generally liquid at room temperature Come from plant fats Corn oil, soybean oil 15. What is the difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fats?

  17. 16. Hydrogenation is the process of changing a liquid fat (oil) to a solid fat. Name two solid fats that are made from this process. • Margarine • Shortening

  18. 17. What is cholesterol? • A fatty substance found in every body cell.

  19. 18. What do Calcium and Phosphorus do together for the body? • Build bones and teeth

  20. 19. What does Calcium do alone for the body? • Regulates the use of other minerals • Helps the nervous system to function

  21. 20. What will happen if you have a deficiency of Calcium over a long period of time? • Develop Osteoporosis: Weak, brittle bone disease

  22. 21. Name some foods that are good sources of Calcium and Phosphorus. • Dairy products: Milk, yogurt, cheese • Dark green leafy vegetables

  23. 22. What does Fluorine do for the body? • Proper development of bones and teeth

  24. 23. Where can you get Fluorine? • Tooth paste • Many communities put it into the local water supply

  25. 24. What does Iodine do for the body? • Makes thyroxine

  26. 25. What does Thyroxine do for the body? • A hormone produced by the Thyroid gland. • Controls the rate at which the body uses nutrients. • Deficiency causes a goiter.

  27. 26. Where can you get Iodine? • Iodized table salt • Seafood

  28. 27. What does Iron do for the body? • Makes Hemoglobin

  29. 28. What is Hemoglobin? • A substance in the blood that carries oxygen fro the lungs to cells throughout the body.

  30. 29. What are some symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia? • Extreme fatigue • Pale skin • Poor Appetite

  31. 30. Name some foods rich in iron. • Organ meats • Lean meats • Dried beans and peas • Dark green leafy vegetables • Eggs

  32. 31. What does Sodium do for the body? • Helps maintain the balance of the fluids in the body.

  33. 32. Diets high in Sodium are linked with what health problem? • Hypertension – also called high blood pressure.

  34. 33. Name the functions Zinc has in the body. • 1. Normal growth and development • 2. Helps immune system • 3. Heal wounds

  35. 34. What are the four fat-soluble vitamins? • Vitamin A • Vitamin D • Vitamin E • Vitamin K

  36. 35. Yes or No Can your body store these vitamins? If so, where? • Yes • In the body’s fatty tissues and the liver

  37. 36. What does Vitamin A do for the body? • Healthy skin and hair • Eyesight

  38. 37. What is Night blindness? • When the eyes cannot adjust from bright to dim light.

  39. 38. What are some food sources for Vitamin A? • Liver, whole and fortified milk products • Fish oils

  40. 39. What is Carotene? • An orange pigment the body can convert to Vitamin A.

  41. 40. In what foods do you get Carotene? • Orange fruits and vegetables • Dark green vegetables

  42. 41. What is the main function of Vitamin E? • To act as an antioxidant

  43. 42. What does an antioxidant do? • Antioxidants protects the body from the damaging effects of oxygen.

  44. 43. What foods give you Vitamin E? • Vegetable oils • Whole grain cereals • Liver • Green leafy vegetables

  45. 44. What does Vitamin K do for the body? • Helps the blood to clot

  46. 45. What foods give you Vitamin K? • Spinach • Cabbage • Eggs • Liver

  47. 46. What are the water-soluble vitamins? • Vitamin C • The B vitamins (Riboflavin, Thiamin, Niacin, B1, B12, B6, Folate)

  48. 47. Yes or No Can your body store these vitamins? • NO • Excess amounts are excreted in the urine.

  49. 48. What does Thiamin, Riboflavin, and Niacin do for the body? • Helps the body obtain energy from your foods.

  50. 49. What is the name for a deficiency of Thiamin? • Beriberi

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