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WHERE WE ARE & WHAT WE’RE DOING. Pleading Pre-trial Discovery Resolution without Trial Trial & Post-trial Appeal. DISCOVERY Scope & Limits. 26(b)(1) General Not privileged Relevant to Claim/defense Subject matter 26(b)(2) Court discretion to limit Individual case
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WHERE WE ARE & WHAT WE’RE DOING • Pleading • Pre-trial • Discovery • Resolution without Trial • Trial & Post-trial • Appeal
DISCOVERYScope & Limits • 26(b)(1) General • Not privileged • Relevant to • Claim/defense • Subject matter • 26(b)(2) Court discretion to limit • Individual case • Local rule - #requests to admit • 26(b)(3) & (4) Exceptions • Trial Preparation Materials • Experts
F.R.Civ. P.Advisory Committee Notes • “Legislative history” • What drafters thought they were doing
WORK PRODUCTHickman v. Taylor, p. 525 • Reviewability • How did Hickman reach appellate court? • What type of orders appealable? • What was order appealed from here? • Why appealable?
WORK PRODUCTHickman v. Taylor • Discovery requests • Device • Information sought • Relevant? • Privileged?
WORK PRODUCTHickman v. Taylor • Policy concerns
WORK PRODUCTHickman v. Taylor • Interrogatories • List names/addresses of any W’s to sinking ship • Facts • Discoverable • List any such W’s you have interviewed • Strategy/mental impressions? • Not discoverable? • Describe statement of each W • Lawyer’s mental impressions • Not discoverable
WORK PRODUCTHickman v. Taylor • Hypothetical • Fortenbaugh interviewed W • W says “I saw several loose hull plates on ship just before it sank” • Frame a discovery request • Existence of W • Hull plates loose
DISCOVERYFR 26(b)(3) Trial Prep Materials • Party may obtain • discovery of • documents • and • tangible things • otherwise discoverable under . . . (b)(1) . . . • and • prepared in anticipation of litigation • or • for trial • by or for another party • or • by or for that other party’s representative . . .
DISCOVERYFR 26(b)(3) Trial Prep Materials • Only upon a showing that • the party seeking discovery • has substantial need • of the materials • in the preparation of • the party’s case • and that • the party • is unable without undue hardship • to obtain • the substantial equivalent • of the materials • by other means
DISCOVERYFR 26(b)(3) Trial Prep Materials • In ordering discovery • of such materials • when the required showing • has been made • the court • shall guard against • disclosure of • the mental impressions • conclusions • opinions • or • legal theories • of an attorney • or • other representative • concerning the litigation
DISCOVERYFR 26(b)(3) Trial Prep Materials • Advisory Committee • Proposal to delete FR 26(b)(3) • Abolish protection for “work product”
TAKEAWAYS • Black Letter Law • FR 26(b) (3) • Exception to broad scope of discovery • Largely codifies Hickman v. Taylor • Protects • Trial preparation materials • Not facts • “Conditional” privilege • Overcome by showing of need
TAKEAWAYS • Big theme • Tension between • Duty to court • Adversarial role