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Perception

Perception. By: Alyssa Beavers, Chris Gordon, Yelena Pham, Hannah Schulte. To start off…. What is the relationship between sensation and perception? Perception : brings meaning to sensation; interpretation, NOT representation. Perceptual Processing.

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Perception

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  1. Perception By: Alyssa Beavers, Chris Gordon, Yelena Pham, Hannah Schulte

  2. To start off… • What is the relationship between sensation and perception? • Perception: brings meaning to sensation; interpretation, NOT representation

  3. Perceptual Processing • Process where sensation becomes perception • Feature detector: cells that detect specific stimulus • Ex. length, color, boundary • Even cells for only human features • Binding problem • Bottom-Up: perception is driven by stimulus • Top-Down: perception is driven by own mind • Person may have bias towards something • Perceptual Constancies: ability to recognize same object’s qualities under different conditions • Color, size, shape

  4. Ambiguity and Distortion • Illusion: incorrect perception of stimulus pattern • Ex. Hermann Grid, Muller-Lyer Illusion, dalmation • Ambiguous Figure: images with multiple interpretations; meant to perplex interpretations • Ex. Necker Cube, vase/faces • Artists, architects, interior designers, theatrical productions, clothes • Culture, context

  5. Theoretical Explanations • Gestalt: Nature • Organize stimulation for meaningful patterns • See as whole rather than sum of parts • Learning-based Inference: Nurture • Influences on perception • Expectations, context, culture, etc. • Stroop Effect- demonstration of a reaction time of a task

  6. Gestalt Theory • Figure and Ground: the main object of focus vs. a background • Closure: making assumptions to complete an incomplete figure • Grouping: preference to grouping stimuli together to have percept • Similarity, Proximity, Continuity, Common Fate

  7. The Laws • Law of Similarity: similar objects • Law of Proximity: objects near each other • Law of Continuity: preference to perceive objects as connected rather than broken • Law of Common Fate: share a motion or destination

  8. Depth Perception • Visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions and distances of objects

  9. Binocular Cues • Provides depth information when viewing a scene with both eyes • Retinal Disparity: comes from differences of perspective from each eye • Convergence: vision lines from eyes meets at different angles at different distances

  10. Monocular Cues • Provides depth information when viewing a scene with one eye • Relative size, light and shadow, interposition, relative motion, atmospheric perspective • Accommodation: how the eye muscles change to focus on an object depending on distance • Linear Perspective (Ponzo Illusion): parallel lines appear to converge to portray depth/distance

  11. Demonstration Time! • http://www.david.tam.name/SelfTests/StroopEffects.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorschach_test

  12. Bibliography • Depth perception (2012, October 7). Retrieved November 29, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_perception • (n.d.). Retrieved November 29, 2012, from http://psych.hanover.edu/krantz/art/linear.html

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