Ice Breaker

1. Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing, and Culture through the American Music Industry Suzette Korchmaros

2. Ice Breaker • Partner Interview Questions • Form two circles with 10 people in the inner circle and 10 in the outer circle • Form an outer circle and another circle inside, students in the inner circle move counter clockwise and ask the outer circle questions assigned, asking a different person the different questions. Then after 3 minutes the outer circle asks the questions and the circle moves in the opposite direction

3. Ice Breaker Introductions • Stand up and introduce the person sitting next to you - tell the group their name and one of the answers from the circle activity. • I will breifly introduce myself with a powerpoint and touch on • Classroom rules (forming your own) • Point system/grading programs • Notebooks (bellwork, classwork/notes, vocabulary, project, and handouts/quizzes) and benefits • Routines

4. Bellwork This is used at the beginning of class as a warm up exercise or motivating activity to connect to prior knowledge. The date and 2-3 questions in English and Spanish are written with possible answers. Review in English and gives 5 minutes to do attendance and tend to other students. Students should write these in a certain section of their notebook for points. Example: • Today is January _______ two thousand six, Monday 1. What music genre do you listen to? Que tipo de genres de música escuchas? I listen to …………… • 2. Who is your favorite English language music group or musician? Quien es tu favorito grupo de música o músico en el lenguaje ingles? My favorite group/musician is……………. • Yesterday was January thirteenth. Tomorrow is_________ and the day after tomorrow will be__________ 1. What is the name of your favorite song in English? 2. Who sings the song? 3. What genre is it in?

5. Music Genres • KWL chart What you know What you want to learn What you learnt- This part is reviewed after lesson

6. Music Genres • A music genre is a category (or genre) of pieces of music that share a certain style or "basic musical language". Music can also be categorised by non-musical criteria such as geographical origin. Such categories are not strictly genre and a single geographical category will often include a number of different genre.

7. Overview of main groupings • Classical music (or art music) • Gospel • Jazz • Latin American • Blues • Rhythm and blues • Rock • Country music • Electronic music • Electronic dance music • Electronica • Melodic music • Reggae, dub, and related forms • Punk music • Hip hop / Rap • Contemporary African music

8. Music Vocabulary • Homework-2x English with mini picture stays in notebook (music nouns) Part of notebook • Lyricas Lyrics Lyrics (picture/symbol) • Word wall-each students draws a different word and writes word in English and Spanish with a sentence (music verbs) • Compose/componer The song writer composed two new songs last spring. (picture) • Pictures-students respond-use the ones they made and cover up vocab word • TPR-Total Physical Response (music instruments) actions with words • Afterwords ask the person sitting behind you or in front of you interview questions Which instrument do you play? Do you like to sing? Name an instrument that’s popular in you country? Etc. • or have them put instruments into categories Breath bow hands only

9. Music Vocabulary-Continued • Bingo (music types) have students fold a scarp piece of paper into four, when they open it up their should be 16 squares, have the pick 16 vocab words and write randomly in the squares. • Memory – 16 squares on overhead pick 8 vocab words and cover with post its labeled with numbers, make teams and have students call numbers and make a pair • Charades (music instruments) have students act out and guess vocab word by raising their hand • Pick a category and have students throw ball with words under that category-example music types, instruments, verbs • Divide class into two groups. Have students ask questions to guess word. Is it an instrument, does it have strings, is it a verb, etc. • Discuss idioms and expressions- write sentences and discuss example: Lee didn’t want to tell his parents about the car accident, but he had to face the music.

10. Time-prepostions • Before-previous to time • After – subsequent to a time • During – for part of a period/same time • Throughout – for entire period of time • At/around, at/about – at am approx. time • By – no later than a time • Since – between a past time and now • For – during a length of time

11. Personal Time lines • Have students develop a person time with 10 important life events and 10 musical events in their life. Include pictures and use the past tense (either ed or irregular verbs.)Example: • I was born on November first nineteen seventy four. • I went to my first music concert on October 21st nineteen eighty five. • Students can write a 1 page personal biography using the prepositions previously introduced and peer editing can be used.

12. How to instructions A. Give Verbs-come out, eject, go, listen to, make, pick, pick up, play, press in, put, repeat, skip, stop, take out, use, want B. Give nouns-button, case. CD, compact disc, disc, music, number, player, remote, track, tray C. Others- back, finally, forward, next D. Demonstrate a how to in the front of the room with students/Playing a CD and have students develop a how to that has to do with music step by step. Example: how to play the guitar

13. Popcorn Reading • Using a sponge ball, students read a paragraph or sentence and then throw the ball to the next reader. This keeps students on the ball and focused on reading since they don’t know when it will be their turn to read.

14. United States Music • The music of the United States includes a number of kinds of distinct folk and popular music, including some of the most widely-recognized styles in the world. The original inhabitants of the United States included hundreds of Native American tribes, who played the first music in the area. Beginning in the 15th century, immigrants from England, Spain and France began arriving in large numbers, bringing with them new styles and instruments. Africans imported as slaves provided the musical underpinnings of much of modern American music, including blues, jazz, country, rock and roll, hip hop, disco, funk, soul music, doo-wop, reggae, ragtime, and certain dance/electronic genres such as house music, techno, and electro. Other styles of music were brought by Hispanics from Mexico, Cuba and Puerto Rico, the Cajun descendants of French-Canadians, Jews, Eastern Europeans and Irish, Scottish and Italian immigrants.

15. United States Music • Since the beginning of the 20th century, popular recorded music from the United States has become increasingly known across the world, to the point where some form of American popular music is listened to almost everywhere. Most of this popular music ultimately stems from African American music, especially the blues and African American gospel music. African American folk music is a part of the Afro-American tradition, which extends across most of the Western Hemisphere, where elements of African, European and indigenous music mixed in varying amounts to form a wide array of diverse styles. Celtic music, especially Irish and Scottish, also played an integral role in shaping modern American music, through massive immigration of Irish and Scottish people, bringing with them folk music. Long a land of immigrants, the United States has also seen documented folk music and recorded popular music produced in the ethnic styles of Ukrainian, Polish, Mexican, Cuban, Spanish and Jewish communities.

16. United States Music The modern United States is divided into fifty states and the inhabited non-state territories of Washington, D.C., Puerto Rico, American Samoa, U.S. Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands and Guam. Most cities, and even many smaller towns, have local music scenes, ranging from casual opportunities for amateur performers at bars and other establishments to large-scale orchestras, local indie record labels and community performing venues, all supporting a number of vibrant regional traditions in various styles. Though none doubt the importance of a handful of major cities, like New York, Nashville and Los Angeles, many smaller cities and regions have produced memorable and distinctive styles of music. The Cajun and Creole traditions in Louisianan music and the unique folk and popular styles of Hawaiian music are two notable exceptions, though other styles of distinct regional music range from the colonial First New England School to modern scenes like Memphis rap and the Omaha sound.

17. United States Music • Genres (Samples): Classical - Folk - Popular: Hip hop - Pop – Rock • AwardsGrammy Awards, Country Music Awards • ChartsBillboard Music ChartFestivalsJazz Fest, Lollapalooza, Ozzfest, Monterey Jazz Festival • MediaSpin, Rolling Stone, Vibe, Downbeat, Source, MTV, VH1National anthem"The Star-Spangled Banner" and forty-nine state

18. United States Popular musicMusic • The United States has produced many of the most popular musicians and composers in the modern world. Beginning with the birth of recorded music, American performers have continued to lead the field of popular music, which, out of "all the contributions made by Americans to world culture... has been taken to heart by the entire world" [38]. The country has seen the rise of many popular styles, including ragtime, the blues, jazz, rock, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk rock, disco, salsa, grunge and hip hop. • American popular music, being well-known across the world, has had many milestones. Most histories of popular music start with American ragtime or Tin Pan Alley; David Clarke, however, in The Rise and Fall of Popular Music, traces popular music back to the European Renaissance and through broadsheet ballads and other popular traditions [39]. Other authors typically look at popular sheet music, tracing American popular music to spirituals, minstrel shows and vaudeville, or the patriotic songs of the American Civil War. • Of especial importance are a handful of performers who did more than anyone to create American popular music. Louis Armstrong's "virtuosity (which) inspired awe among his followers" helped make him a "giant figure" in the world of jazz, and a major foundation for later popular styles [40]. Later, following the white teen swing phase, a number of vocalists like Ella Fitzgerald and the Ink Spots became very popular, especially among the youth. A number of Italian-American crooners also found a major youth audience, including Dean Martin, Tony Bennett, Perry Como, Frankie Laine and, most famously, the "first pop vocalist to engender hysteria among his fans" Frank Sinatra[41]. Elvis Presley and Bill Haley, responsible for popularizing rock and roll, also deserve special note for changing the whole of popular music, both within and without the United States.

19. United States Popular musicMusic • The era of the modern teen pop star, however, began in the 1960s. Bubblegum pop groups like The Monkees were chosen entirely for their appearance and ability to sell records, with no regard to musical ability. Pop groups like these remained popular into the 1970s, producing such acts as the Partridge Family and The Osmonds. By the 1990s, there were numerous varieties of teen pop, including boy bands like *NSYNC and the Backstreet Boys, while female diva vocalists like Christina Aguilera and Britney Spears also dominated the charts. • Recently, American popular music has shifted away from teen pop and mainstream rock. In the early 2000s, it became increasingly rarer for songs belonging to these genres to reach the tops of the charts. Instead, the charts have yielded mostly hip-hop, rap, and R&B hits. Also, there has been a growing movement towards modern rock music since the 90s; this movement has owed some of its very recent chart hits, such as Fall Out Boy's Sugar We're Goin' Down, which peaked at number eight on the Hot 100, to the revival of the music single through paid digital downloads.

20. Country music • also called country and western music or country-western, is an amalgam of popular musical forms developed in the Southern United States, with roots in traditional folk music, Celtic Music, Blues, Gospel music, and Old-time music. • However, country music is actually a catch-all category that embraces several different genres of music: Nashville sound (the pop-like music very popular in the 1960s); bluegrass, a fast mandolin, banjo and fiddle-based music popularized by Bill Monroe and by the Foggy Mountain Boys; Western which encompasses traditional Western ballads and Hollywood Cowboy Music, Western swing, a sophisticated dance music popularized by Bob Wills; Bakersfield sound (popularized by Buck Owens and Merle Haggard); Outlaw country; Cajun; Zydeco; gospel; oldtime (generally pre-1930 folk music); honky tonk; Appalachian; rockabilly; neotraditional country and jug band.

21. Examples of ContemporaryCountry Stars 1980-2005 • Alabama • Dierks Bentley • Big and Rich • Clint Black • Paul Brandt • Brooks & Dunn • Garth Brooks • George Canyon • Johnny Cash • Jeremy Castle • Mary Chapin Carpenter

22. Rock and roll • also spelled rock 'n' roll, especially in its first decade, is a genre of music that emerged as a defined musical style in American South in the 1950s, and quickly spread to the rest of the country, and the world. From the late 1950s to the mid 1990s rock was perhaps the most popular form in music in the western world. It later evolved into the various different sub-genres of what is now called simply 'rock'. As a result, "rock and roll" now has two distinct meanings: either traditional rock and roll in the 1950s style, or later rock and even pop music which may be very far from traditional rock and roll.

23. Rock and roll • Rock and roll emerged as a defined musical style in America in the 1950s, though elements of rock and roll can be heard in rhythm and blues records as far back as the 1920s. Early rock and roll combined elements of blues, boogie woogie, jazz and rhythm and blues, and is also influenced by traditional Appalachian folk music, gospel and country and western. Going back even further, rock and roll can trace a foundational lineage to the old Five Points district of mid-19th centuryNew York City, the scene of the first fusion of heavily rhythmic African shuffles and sand dances with melody driven European genres, particularly the Irish jig. • Rocking was a term first used by black gospel singers in the American South to mean something akin to spiritual rapture. By the 1940s, however, the term was used as a double entendre, ostensibly referring to dancing, but with the hidden subtextual meaning of sex; an example of this is Roy Brown's "Good Rocking Tonight". This type of song was usually relegated to "race music" (the music industry code name for rhythm and blues) outlets and was rarely heard by mainstream white audiences. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohiodisc jockeyAlan Freed would begin playing this type of music for his white audience, and it is Freed who is credited with coining the phrase "rock and roll" to describe the rollicking R&B music that he brought to the airwaves. • There is much debate as to what should be considered the first rock and roll record. Candidates include

24. Rock and roll • the 1951 "Rocket 88" by Jackie Brenston & His Delta Cats, or later and more widely-known hits like Chuck Berry's "Maybellene" "Johnny B. Goode" or Bo Diddley's "Bo Diddley" or Bill Haley & His Comets' "Rock Around the Clock" or, as RollingStone magazine pointed out, to some controversy, in 2005, "That's all right", Elvis Presley's first single for SUN records, in Memphis. Some historians go further back, pointing to musicians like Fats Domino, who were recording in the 40s in styles largely indistinguishable from rock and roll; these include Louis Jordan's "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby?", Jack Guthrie's "The Oakie Bookie" (1947) and Benny Carter and Paul Vandervoort II's "Rock Me to Sleep" (1950). • Main artists starting to score in the main hit charts from 1955 onward included the influencial and pioneering: Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Chuck Berry, Jerry Lee Lewis.

25. Blues • Blues is a combination of African work songs, field hollers and shouts. It developed in the rural south in the first decade of the 20th century. The most important characteristics of the blues is its use of the blue scale, with a flatted or indeterminate third, as well as the typically lamenting lyrics; though both of these elements had existed in African American folk music prior to the 20th century, the codified form of modern blues (such as with the AAB structure) did not exist until the early 20th century. • Donald Clarke has claimed that, in the blues, the "verses and musical accompaniment are like two voices: the accompaniment is a commentary on the story being told, and the result is a polyrhythmic, almost poly-emotional music. The blues is... a passionate, intensely rhythmic way of keeping the spirit up, by commenting on problems of life and love with lyrics full of irony and earthy imagery".

26. Hip hop / Rap • Hip hop music (also commonly referred to as "rap") can be seen as a subgenre of R&B tradition (see above). Hip hop culture, the movement from which the music came, began in inner cities in the US in the 1970s. The earliest recordings, from the late-1970s and early 1980s, are now referred to as old school hip hop. In the later part of the decade, regional styles developed. East Coast hip hop, based out of New York City, was by far the most popular as hip hop began to break into the mainstream. West Coast hip hop, based out of Los Angeles, was by far less popular until 1992, when Dr. Dre's The Chronic revolutionized the West Coast sound, using slow, stoned, lazy beats in what came to be called G Funk. Soon after, a host of other regional styles became popular, most notably Southern rap, based out of Atlanta and New Orleans, primarily. Atlanta-based performers like OutKast and Goodie Mob soon developed their own distinct sound, which came to be known as Dirty South. As hip hop became more popular in the mid-1990s, alternative hip hop gained in popularity among critics and long-time fans of the music.

27. Hip hop / Rap • De La Soul's 3 Feet High and Rising (1989) was perhaps the first "alternative hip hop" blockbuster, and helped develop a specific style called jazz rap, characterized by the use of live instrumentation and/or jazz samples. Other less popular forms of hip hop include various non-American varieties; Japan, Britain, Mexico, Sweden, Finland, France, Germany, Italy and Turkey have vibrant hip hop communities. In Puerto Rico, a style called reggaeton is popular. Electro hip hop was invented in the 1980s, but is distinctly different from most old school hip hop (as is go go, another old style). Some other genres have been created by fusing hip hop with techno (trip hop) and heavy metal (rapcore). In the late 1980s, Miami's hip hop scene was characterized by bass-heavy grooves designed for dancing -- Miami bass music. Horrorcore, or Acid Rap is mainly credited to Detroit and the Midwest. There are also rappers with Christian themes in the lyrics -- this is Christian hip hop. • Perhaps the most recent development in hip hop is the Backpacker sub-genre. Charachterized by a renewed focus on poetry and Hip Hop Culture, it includes artists such as Sage Francis, Atmosphere, and Eyedea and Abilities.

28. Read about Rock and Roll • Students are given information to read in groups-one person does something else, when the other person comes back the group has to give all the new knowledge to that person who will compete to answer questions for the group. • Map different music roots in the United States

29. Carousel • place x number of sheets around the room with a catefory, in this case music genres (rock and roll, country, hip hop, and blues) • groups of 4-5 move from station to station and write down ideas that support the topic to review information • Supplies-colored markers large piece of butcher paper • I pack of sticky tac or tape

30. Learn songs from each genre • ESL through music, activites with songs • If Rock and Roll, Joan Jet: I love Rock n Roll • View “You’ve got a Friend” powerpoint example

31. Project: Music Presentations of singer and genre • Rubrics • Group management

32. Jeporady • Create categories and make questions for each increasing difficulty • Form two teams and rotate the person who will answer for the team • Give 30 seconds to answer • Review material from the day • Good activity to review content for a test