1 / 13

Phylum Sphenophyta (Horsetails)

Block 7 April 2009. Phylum Sphenophyta (Horsetails). Jennifer Baldwin – Product Representative Lauren Cox – Text Research and Development Danielle David – Image Research and Development Liz Fredrickson – Technical Support. Phylum Sphenophyta. Carboniferous Period of the Paleozoic Era

ostinmannual
Download Presentation

Phylum Sphenophyta (Horsetails)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Block 7 April 2009 Phylum Sphenophyta(Horsetails) Jennifer Baldwin – Product Representative Lauren Cox – Text Research and Development Danielle David – Image Research and Development Liz Fredrickson – Technical Support

  2. Phylum Sphenophyta • Carboniferous Period of the Paleozoic Era • Genus name is Equisetum. • Found in swamp forests (coal-forming) and low land areas without standing water. • Microhabitat: Most prefer moist habitats but some are found in dry habitats.

  3. Long-Term Changes • Structure: Body plan has not changed much over the past 300 million years. • Reproduction: Alternation of Generations. Spores are produced and they form cones on the fertile stem. Then they germinate forming plants • Antheridia and Archegonia produce sperm and eggs on the plant.

  4. Alteration of Generations (Male) (Female)

  5. Morphology

  6. Morphology

  7. Fertilization • The fertilization of the egg and its subsequent development produces the horsetail plant (the asexual generation.) • Sperm reaches the eggs using water droplets. • The few species that live in dry climates, reproduce sexually during brief periods of heavy rain. • Considered amphibians of plant community because they haven’t fully escaped the aquatic habitats of their ancestors.

  8. Dependency • Sporophyte doesn’t remain attached to gametophyte. • Sporophytes has true vascular tissues and is the larger, longer lived phase of the life cycle.

  9. Pictures

  10. Habitats • Moist Environments • Damp roadsides • Stream bank mud • Vacant lots • Other disrupted habitats

  11. Diversity • 15 known species of Sphenophyta • 10 species found in Canada • 6 species are transcontinental (but do NOT occur in the high arctic) • May be considered weeds

  12. Benefits to Humans • Humans use the silica-encrusted stems of these species for cleaning and sanding. • Also used to hone woodwind reeds. • Common horsetail has been reported poisonous to livestock in Canada

  13. Bibliography • plant. ( 2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved April  6,  2009, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://search.eb.com/eb/article-66078 • http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2003/plant.jpg • Biology Textbook • http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0003848

More Related