Inclusion of indigenous peoples in development and poverty reduction strategies

1. Inclusion of indigenous peoples indevelopment and poverty reduction strategies

2. Context: • Indigenous peoples excluded from development efforts • Development efforts having harmful impact on indigenous peoples • Development not having desired impact

3. Examples of policy development:

4. Major trends: • From “do-no-harm” to rights-based approaches • Partnerships • Located within broader framework of human rights, poverty reduction, good governance, environmental protection • Mainstreaming within agencies • Facilitation of dialogue/policy dialogue • Consultation & participation • Responding to ITPs’ needs and priorities

5. Introduced in 1999 by World Bank and IMF Applied in approximately 70 countries Are supposed to be: Country-driven Results-oriented Comprehensive Partnership-oriented Long-term In line with Rome and Paris Declarations Poverty Reduction Strategies

6. Determined within high-level meetings of the OECD/DAC (2003-5) Practically all bi- and multi- lateral agencies and developing countries have agreed to adhere to these principles In line with UN reform Fully operational from 2010 Rome & Paris Declarations: Harmonization and Aid Effectiveness

7. Main principles

8. PRSP: Main elements & entry points

9. Findings of ILO research

10. The institutional capacity of indigenous peoples The existence of national legislative and policy frameworks The capacity of concerned government institutions The operationalization of institutional policies of international agencies Determining factors for participation

11. Special efforts and long-term commitment of all actors Focus on capcity-building Public information strategy, targeting indigenous peoples An outcome-oriented action plan for participation in prioritization and policy-making, implementation, monitoring and evaluation Institutional arrangements for mainstreaming participation in governance structures Adequacy with regards to language, timing etc. Gender sensitivity Requirements for participation

12. Of crucial importance If not in place, should be developed within context of PRS Ratification of Convention No. 169: Solid framework If reluctance: Address as vulnerable groups in the context of overall poverty reduction and sector policies National legislation or policy

13. Address in the context of good governance Employment of indigenous people Staff training Incentive measures Capacity of government institutions

14. No coherent implementation Focus on small-scale/specific interventions Not applied in overall policies/programmes World Bank Policy not applied to PRS processes Compulsory procedural steps Establishment of coordination groups Training of staff Donor policies

15. Fail to capture specificities of indigenous peoples’ real situation and perceptions of poverty and well-being Invisibility in national statistics Invisibility of internal differences Controversy over definition or terminology (fluidity of ethnic identity, migration, conflicts and wars, lack of legal provisions/political acceptance) Lack of understanding of the importance of disaggregated data Weak national capacities for data collection, analysis and disaggregation Resistance from indigenous peoples if they are not themselves in control of data collection Strengthening national capacities for disaggregation of data Develop specific indicators Monitor implementation of indigenous peoples’ rights All with full participation of indigenous peoples Data and indicators