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Matter: Properties and Changes

Matter: Properties and Changes . Chapter 5 Mrs. Shaw. Lesson 1: LEARNING OBJECTIVES: . Identify the states of matter Compare the physical and chemical properties of matter Describe how matter is measured to calculate mass, volume and density. Review of the States of Matter.

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Matter: Properties and Changes

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  1. Matter: Properties and Changes Chapter 5 Mrs. Shaw

  2. Lesson 1: LEARNING OBJECTIVES: • Identify the states of matter • Compare the physical and chemical properties of matter • Describe how matter is measured to calculate mass, volume and density

  3. Review of the States of Matter • What is matter? • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. • What are the states of matter? • FOUR STATES OF MATTER • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma

  4. Shape & Volume of Matter

  5. What do the particles (atoms) look like in each state of matter?

  6. Physical Properties of Matter Mass and weight: • Mass = amount of matter in an object • Weight = mass X gravitational pull of Earth Volume: the amount of space an object takes up Density: the amount of matter in an object divided by the volume. D = m/v OR L x w x h = cm3

  7. More Physical Properties of Matter • Conductivity: the ability of an object or substance to conduct electricity. • Boiling Point: the temperature in which the liquid changes to gas (Water = 100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Farenheit) • Melting Point: the temp in which a solid becomes a liquid(Water = 0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Farenheit)

  8. More Physical Properties of Matter • Solubility: the ability of an object to dissolve in another • Magnetism: the ability of an object to attract a magnetic force

  9. What Physical properties of matter can we use to identify it? We can use Density and Melting Point to identify matter because they do not depend on the size of the sample.

  10. Chemical Properties of Matter Chemical property: the ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more new substances Examples: • Flammability: the ability of a type of substance to burn easily. • Most flammable = Hydrogen (H) gas • Ability to Rust: the ability of a type of substance to form rust when it reacts to exposure of oxygen and water. • Most likely to Rust = Metals with Iron (Fe)

  11. Lesson 2: LEARNING OBJECTIVES: • Identify the types of changes of matter – physical and chemical • Compare the signs of physical and chemical changes of matter • Describe how mass is conserved when a chemical reaction occurs (Law of Conservation of Mass)

  12. Physical Changes of Matter • A change in the size, shape, form, or state of matter that does NOT change the matter’s identity is called a physical change.

  13. Dissolving and Changing States • Because the chemical properties of the substances in dissolving and changing states stay the same they are considered to be physical changes.

  14. Chemical Changes • A chemical change is a change in matter in which the substances that make up the matter change into another substance with different chemical properties

  15. Signs of a Chemical Change Formation of Gas Explosion Formation of precipitate Odor change Color change

  16. Energy and Chemical Change • Some chemical changes release thermal, light, and sound energy. • Some chemical changes need thermal energy for them to occur.

  17. Law of Conservation of Mass • Law states that the total mass before a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass after the chemical reaction.

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