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Tackling Food Poverty. Lessons from the Decent Food for All (DFfA) intervention. Kevin P Balanda (presenter), Audrey Hochart, Steve Barron, Lorraine Fahy. Institute of Public Health in Ireland. All-Ireland body: North-South co-operation Inequalities in health
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Tackling Food Poverty Lessons from the Decent Food for All (DFfA) intervention Kevin P Balanda (presenter), Audrey Hochart, Steve Barron, Lorraine Fahy
Institute of Public Health in Ireland All-Ireland body: • North-South co-operation • Inequalities in health Broad view of health and its determinants Three work strands: • Capacity building • Policy support • Information and intelligence 2008/2009 – 10 year anniversary
Newry and Mourne Health and Social Services Trust Armagh and Dungannon Health Action Zone Armagh and Dungannon Health Action Zone
Part of the jigsaw • “Food poverty: Fact or Fiction” – NI (PHAII) • “Food Poverty and Policy” – RoI (Friel and Conlon) • Fit Futures Strategy – NI (2005) • Report of National Taskforce on Obesity – RoI (2005) • Lifetime Opportunities – NI (2006) • National Action Plan for Social Inclusion 2007-2016 – RoI (2007) • What’s the role of community interventions?
What is DFfA? A four year (initially three year) community intervention 2003-2007 Mission to “improve the provision and consumption of an affordable, safe and healthy diet in order to protect and improve public health, particularly amongst the disadvantaged and vulnerable in the ADHAZ”
What is DFfA? Practical community-based focused help & advice: • Physical access • Financial access • Information access • DFfA aims to reduce inequalities by having a positive impact: • across the whole of the intervention area • target wards (rural, border, “deprived”) and disadvantaged groups (unemployed, less educated)
How it was evaluated? • Evaluated by IPH, commissioned by safefood • Programme Logic Approach (PLA) • A non-random matched comparison area • Pre-test & post-test measures • Process evaluation (Local Evaluation Group) • Ethnographic studies to explore the food culture
Key indicators of success (via PLA) • Local Regeneration: • Physical and financial access • Stronger local food production & supply economies • Individual, Household & Community Change: • Awareness and knowledge • Demand for safe health affordable food • Improved health behaviours • Greater social inclusion • Greater individual development
Attendance at core activities(2003-2007) 370 core activities involving 3,100 residents One in 8 residents participated in at least one core activity
95% of participants in the Cook It! workshops said it had changed their ideas about healthy eating: I always thought eating healthier would take a lot of time, now I know it doesn’t It showed me how to cook the things I normally cook but in a healthier way I’m more inclined to use lots of fresh vegetables in my cooking. I see how recipes can be healthy and very tasty! I was surprised at how much fat and sugar are in some foods that I thought were healthy, I hope to change my diet’. What participants said
Individual, household and community change • Significant improvements in : • Confidence in knowledge and abilities • Consumption of fruit and vegetables • Consumption of foods high in fat or sugar (marginal) • Safe food practices • Levels of physical activity • No associated improvements in: • Awareness and knowledge • Levels of obesity/overweight
Local Regeneration • Average number of available food items in ADHAZ • increased: • Increase was not restricted to healthier foods • Changes in availability did not vary with shop type • Average price of food basket in the ADHAZ increased: • Increase was not restricted to less healthy foods • Increased observed in all shop types except larger multiple and discounter/freezer shops where it decreased significantly
Adults who had recently cut their weekly food in order to pay other household bills
Summary • Powerful impacts on participants in core activities • “Programme reach” relative low • Impact at the community-level was mixed: • Some positive individual, household and community change • Little evidence of local regeneration
Some challenges • A very complex intervention • Shifting goal posts • Blurred geographical boundaries • High local demand • Chasing funds & frequent staff changes • Dilution of the contrast between study areas • Representativeness of the study areas
Recommendations • Local action is essential - it should be properly supported • It must also be properly embedded into a more comprehensive approach • Co-ordinate the work of researchers, practitioners, policy makers and the community • An all-Ireland approach is necessary and possible