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The Americas

The Americas. Part 6 Trade and Energy. Trade. Millions of Americans and Canadians work in manufacturing. It is not as common an occupation in Latin America.

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The Americas

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  1. The Americas Part 6 Trade and Energy

  2. Trade Millions of Americans and Canadians work in manufacturing. It is not as common an occupation in Latin America.

  3. Latin America is loaded with a wide variety of natural resources. Larger countries such as Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina have been successful in using their natural resources to better their economies, and the lives of their citizens. Venezuela has benefitted from its large oil deposits, and Chile is the world’s largest producer of copper. The countries of Central America are not as blessed with natural resources, and must rely more upon agriculture for economic success.

  4. The United States and Canada are quite INTERDEPENDENT on each other in the products they trade. In fact, each country is the other’s largest trading partner. • Historically, many countries had protective TARIFFS, or taxes on foreign goods that tried to encourage people to support buying products from their own country. • That began to change in the late 20th century as many countries merged into a more global economy. • In 1993, the U.S. and Canada, along with Mexico, signed NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement).

  5. NAFTA worked to eliminate trade barriers and restrictions. It has worked in some areas, but some people feel American workers have been hurt. Companies have moved to Mexico where labor costs are cheaper. Plus, there is a fear that cheap products might flood the market, causing people to not buy American-made products. There are also movements to extend FREE TRADE (trade with low, or no taxes) throughout all of the Western Hemisphere.

  6. Some nations have been able to attract investors from countries like the U.S. Cheaper labor is an attraction for some corporations.

  7. Many Americans are against the globalization of the economy.-Millions of manufacturing jobs have been lost in the U. S. the last 30 years.

  8. CAFTA or Central America Free Trade Agreement, was implemented in the 2000s, as a trade agreement between the U. S. and 5 Central American nations. The Dominican Republic also eventually joined.

  9. CARICOM The Caribbean Community This is an economic pact or agreement between nations of the Caribbean region.

  10. The 12 Members of the Union of South American Nations

  11. In 2008, an economic pact between most nations in South America formed, called the UNION OF SOUTH AMERICAN NATIONS. • One of the goals is to create a single market for trade goods and the elimination of TARIFFS. • They may even merge into using a single currency, that would be accepted across international borders. • They would also like to improve infrastructure, and create easier travel between member states.

  12. Minerals and Fossil Fuels • The Americas have large quantities and varieties of minerals. • There are also large deposits of fossil fuels, including coal, oil, and natural gas. • These resources helped the U. S. and Canada industrialize rapidly. • The nations of Latin America are all at different stages of industrialization. Some like Brazil are advancing, while others have hardly started.

  13. The U. S. is currently the largest energy user in the world. We provide much of our own energy, except in the area of oil where our consumption heavily outweighs our production.

  14. Oil deposits are found in many countries of the Americas.

  15. Oil may be obtained by drilling from the land, or sea floor.

  16. Some people favor expanding our oil drilling on our own territory and in the continental shelf off the coast. Environmentalists fear the damage from potential spills/accidents, or the disruption of animal habitats.

  17. The U. S. and Canada have some of the world’s biggest coal deposits. The burning of coal accounts for about half of all electricity produced in the U. S.

  18. Underground coal mining Surface coal mining

  19. Natural Gas Deposits

  20. Natural Gas Wells

  21. HydroelectricPower-Hoover Dam Flowing water goes through the dams, turning large turbines, that create electricity.

  22. Itaipu Dam, on the Parana River between Brazil and Paraguay, has the highest electric output in the world.

  23. “Fish Ladders” like this one at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River between Oregon and Washington, allow fish like the salmon to make it around the dams to travel back to their spawning areas.

  24. Nuclear Power It supplies hundreds of millions of people around the world with energy. However, there are some concerns about its potential environmental impact, especially in places where natural disasters are more likely to happen.

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