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Endocrine Physiology The Pituitary Gland The Hypothalamic Control. The Pituitary gland (hypophysis):. ? Small gland (? 1cm diameter; ? 0.5 to 1 gm weight).. ? Lies in sella turnica, a bony cavity at the base of the brain.. ? Connected to the hypothalamus by the pituitary stalk or (hypophysial; infundibulum)..
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3. The Pituitary gland (hypophysis):
4. The anterior pituitary lobe (adenohypophysis)
5. The anterior pituitary gland cells
6. The anterior pituitary gland cells
7. 2) The posterior pituitary lobe (neurohypophysis)
8. Relationship between the Hypothalamus & the Pituitary gland
9. Hypothalamic control of pituitary secretions
10. Hypothalamic Control of I: Anterior Pituitary Gland
11. Relationship with anterior pituitary gland
12. Relationship with the anterior pituitary gland (continued)
13. Relationship with the anterior pituitary gland (continued)
14. Hypothalamic control of anterior pituitary secretions
15. Hypothalamic control of anterior pituitary secretions
16. Hypothalamic hormones Hypothalamus
17. Hypothalamic Control of II: Posterior Pituitary Gland
18. Relationship with the posterior pituitary gland
19. Relationship with the posterior pituitary gland cont.
20. Relationship with the posterior pituitary gland (continued)
22. Control of hypothalamic secretions
24. General Functions of the hypothalamus
25. Anterior Pituitary Gland hormones
26. Anterior Pituitary Hormones
27. Anterior Pituitary Hormones
28. Anterior pituitary hormones
29. Anterior Pituitary Hormones
30. The anterior pituitary hormones (continued)
31. Feedback Control of the Anterior Pituitary Anterior pituitary & hypothalamic secretions are controlled by negative feedback inhibition by their target gland hormones.
Negative feedback at 2 levels:
Target gland hormone can act on the hypothalamus & inhibit secretion of its releasing hormones.
Target gland hormone can act on the anterior pituitary & inhibit its response to the releasing hormone.
32. Feedback Control of the Anterior Pituitary (continued) Short feedback loop:
Retrograde transport of blood from anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus.
Hormone released by anterior pituitary inhibits secretion of releasing hormone.
Positive feedback effect:
During the menstrual cycle, estrogen stimulates LH surge.
33. Higher Brain Function and Pituitary Secretion Axis:
Relationship between anterior pituitary & a particular target gland.
Pituitary-gonad axis.
Hypothalamus receives input from higher brain centers.
Psychological stress affects:
Circadian rhythms.
Menstrual cycle.
34. Growth hormone
35. Growth hormone (GH)
36. Synthesis, transport, & mechanism of action of GH
37. Functions of growth hormone: ? cellular sizes & ? mitosis (no.).
? tissue growth & organ size.
Does not act directly on bone & cartilage.
38. Role of GH in growth of bone & cartilage (continued)
39. Role of GH in growth of bone & cartilage (continued)
40. Functions of growth hormone (continued)
41. Role of GH in promoting protein synthesis
42. Role of GH in promoting protein synthesis:
44. Role of GH in Fat metabolism:
45. Role of GH in Carbohydrate metabolism
46. Role of GH in Carbohydrate metabolism:
47. Role of GH in Carbohydrate metabolism (continued)
49. Control of GH secretion:
50. Control of GH secretion (continued)
51. Requirement for GH promoting actions:
52. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 1. Panhypopituitarism:
53. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 1. Panhypopituitarism:
54. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 1. Panhypopituitarism:
55. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 1. Panhypopituitarism:
56. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 2. ? GH secretion:
57. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 2. ? GH secretion:
58. Abnormalities of GH secretion - 2. ? GH secretion:
59. Prolactin
60. Prolactin hormone (PRL)
61. Prolactin hormone (PRL) (continued)
62. Action of Prolactin
63. Action of Prolactin (continued)
64. Control of Prolactin secretion
65. Control of Prolactin secretion (continued)
66. Abnormalities of Prolactin secretions decreased prolactin secretion:
67. Abnormalities of Prolactin secretions Hyperprolactinemia:
68. Abnormalities of Prolactin secretions Hyperprolactinemia: