Gamma and Ancillary Detectors Simulations Overview

1. Gamma and Ancillary Detectors Simulations Overview • Outline: • Why Simulations ? • Some examples • Simulation tools review • Major developments for NP Marc Labiche (marc.labiche@stfc.ac.uk) EGAN 25-29th June 2012, IPN Orsay

2. Motivations for the simulations ? • Design of next generation of (multi-)arrays or optimisation of existing ones. • Efficiency • Resolution (energy, position, time) • Cost effective solution in supporting the development of new detection technologies. • New facilities with new beams, new intensities, new physics and background to deal with. • R&D requires many potentially costly choices on technology selection. • Well informed decisions can be made via state-of –the-art simulation methods.

3. Motivations for the simulations ? • Very useful to test and develop new algorithms • data processing: PSA • data analysis: addback, tracking reconstruction • Preparations of experiment proposals and data analysis/interpretations

4. g-ray arrays for nuclear spectroscopy world-wide Existing: - Semiconductors (Ge) • AGATA (demonstrator) in Europe , • EXOGAM , UK-France, • MINIBALL at CERN, • GASP in Italy, • TIGRESS in Canada, • GammaSphere in US, • EUROBALL in Europe, • JUROGAM in Finland, • GRAPE in Japan, … - Scintillators • Crystal Ball (NaI) in Germany, • Spin Spectrometer (NaI) at Oak Ridge (US), • Chateau de crystal (BaF2) in France, • Dali (NaI) in Japan, … • Future: • - Semiconductors (Ge) • AGATA (full array ) in Europe, • GRETA in US, … • - Scintillators • CALIFA (CsI) at FAIR, • PARIS (LaBr + NaI) at SPIRAL2, • SHOGUN (LaBr) in Japan, … √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ : arrays known to be simulated with GEANT3 or GEANT4 √

5. Examples: Crystal Ball (NaI) EXOGAM AGATA (demonstrator) CALIFA (CsI) EXOGAM with BGO & cryostats PARIS (LaBr3 + NaI phoswich)

6. Also, ancillary detectors CALIFA + Si tracker : AGATA ancillaries: PARIS (cube configuration) + GASPARD: Neuron wall Miniball See Thursday session (M. Palacz) EXOGAM

7. Courtesy of C. Michelagnoli INFN Padova AGATA week 2010, Lyon

8. Courtesy of C. Louchart (Saclay) AGATA week 2010 Lyon

9. Courtesy of D. Bloor University of York AGATA week June 2012, GSI

10. Courtesy of D. Bloor University of York AGATA week June 2012, GSI

11. Simulations for detector designs • R3B CALIFA • R3B target recoil Si tracker Scintillation process simulated in GEANT4 (provided optical properties of the material are known)  determine Optimum shape/angle of the crystals for light propagation p HI beam de- p Califa barrel with CsI(Tl) crystals Propagation of optical photons in the crystals Simulations provided a count rate estimation in every micro-strips of the 3 layers Si array.  define electronics requirements. - de- = main background contribution. - use of thin absorber in worse cases. 2 1 3 3 Si layers

12. Simulation validation

13. PARIS & AGATA codes vs NIST • Some discrepancies between NIST and GEANT4 (either PARIS or AGATA) are observed. • At least between 100 KeV and ~500 keV, GEANT4 under-estimates the attenuation.

14. Particle transport codes • Native GEANT4 (C++)http://geant4.cern.ch/ • HEP • Open source - Toolkit • Well documented with excellent forum. • FLUKA (Fortran) http://www.fluka.org/fluka.php • HEP • Source code distribution via additional registration procedure • MCNP/MCNPX (Fortan) http://mcnpx.lanl.gov/ • Los Alamos NL • Source code distribution restricted • Virtual Monte-Carlo simulation framework • FAIRROOT http://fairroot.gsi.de/ • Choice of different transport codes: GEANT3, GEANT4, …(more?) • Geometry definition based on ROOT • CAD to ROOT converter

15. CAD interface for GEANT4 interface Christopher M Poole et al., arXiv:1105.0963v1 [physics.med-ph] – May 2011 Commercial solutions Non-commercial solution developed by the Medical Physics community

16. What else is needed ? • More event generators based on realistic physics models • Simulation framework (linked with a database) • To deal with multi-array setups • To deal with multi-configuration setups • = Objectives of the ENSAR JRA-5 : Similations for Nuclear Reactions and Structure in Europe – SiNuRSE http://igfae.usc.es/~sinurse/

17. SiNuRSE tasks and subtasks • Task 1: deals with the event generators and their benchmarking • evt gen. for light-ion induced reactions (CEA and U-Liege). • evt gen. for heavy-ion induced reactions (GSI). • evt gen. for elastic proton-nucleus cross-sections and p-n exchange reactions with focus on exotic nuclei (UCM). • evt gen. for beta-decay including delayed particle emission (n, p, alpha) (CSIC). • a g-ray evt gen. for neutron capture electromagnetic cascades (CIEMAT). • an evt gen. for fusion-evaporation reactions (IFJ). • a software tool to use cross-section from correct (neutrons & ions) low energy reaction database, in GEANT4

18. SiNuRSE tasks and subtasks • Task 2: deals with the development of virtual Monte-Carlo platform • Based on FAIRROOT framework (USC) • Implementation of a parameter database (RUG, GSI) • Detector integration - documentations (IFIN-HH, ISS) • Task 3: simulation of complex detection systems • Response of a neutron detection system (ATOMKI) • Response of a calorimeter (USC) • Response of a fast ejectile and heavy-ion detector (RUG)

19. Summary • A lot is going on in terms of simulation development in NP. • Future facilities: • FAIR, SPIRAL2, HIE-ISOLDE • New projects/collaborations: • NUSTAR (R3B, Hispec/Despec,…), • AGATA, • PARIS, … • Recognised through the funding of the SiNuRSE JRA5

20. Thanks to: • AGATA collaboration • NUSTAR collaboration • PARIS & GASPARD collaborations • SiNuRSE