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1. What is a Nation-State? Looking at the Map: 2. What factors make uniting difficult?

1. What is a Nation-State? Looking at the Map: 2. What factors make uniting difficult?. Notes on Italian Unification. Background. Not unified since the fall of Roman Empire Nine states had come together in a war against Austria to get back the provinces she took in a previous war

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1. What is a Nation-State? Looking at the Map: 2. What factors make uniting difficult?

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  1. 1. What is a Nation-State? Looking at the Map: 2. What factors make uniting difficult?

  2. Notes on Italian Unification

  3. Background • Not unified since the fall of Roman Empire • Nine states had come together in a war against Austria to get back the provinces she took in a previous war • Congress of Vienna created the boundaries of the nine states

  4. I. Soul- Mazzini • Giuseppe Mazzini- popular writer- exiled due to strong nationalism • Europe needed to redraw the lines set by the Congress of Vienna • Ex. Northern Italy under the control of Austria, but different culture/language/etc. • How does this reflect the ideas of nationalism? • Group “Young Italy” attracted tens of thousands • Members had to be under age 40

  5. II. Mind- Cavour (unites Northern Italy) • Camillodi Cavour- Prime Minister of Sardinia • Made an alliance with France, 1858 Emperor Napoleon III agreed to help in driving Austria out of northern provinces. • He agreed to give France a small amount of territory • Cavour then provoked Austria and they declared war in 1859 and with the help of France, northern Italian states liberated, excluding Venetia

  6. III. Sword- Garibaldi • Giuseppe Garibaldi- Red Shirts- gained control of Sicily and southern Italy with the aid of Cavour • Garibaldi and Cavour had now liberated everywhere but Venetia (controlled by Austria) and the Papal States (supported by the French who supported the pope). • Italy allied itself with Prussia, after the Prussian-Austrian War, Venetia went to Italy • 1870 French troops withdrew from Papal States • King Victor Emmanuel II then moved the capital of a unified Italy to Rome from Florence.

  7. Sword- Garibaldi

  8. Challenges • Strong Regional differences: industrialized north versus agricultural south • Catholic Church did not recognize Italy Why? • Poverty • Only wealthy men could vote (changes as Italy industrializes) • Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Germany • Explain how Italian unification is an example of Nationalism?

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