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The Excretory SyStem

The Excretory SyStem. Important Vocabulary . Excretion: The process which metabolic wastes are eliminated to maintain homeostasis. Ureters: Transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder Urinary bladder: Store urine until it is released through the urethra

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The Excretory SyStem

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  1. The Excretory SyStem

  2. Important Vocabulary • Excretion: The process which metabolic wastes are eliminated to maintain homeostasis. • Ureters: Transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder • Urinary bladder: Store urine until it is released through the urethra • Urethra: Where urine is released

  3. Excretory System’s Function • Excretes metabolic wastes from the body.

  4. Structures of the Excretory System • Skin • Lungs • Liver • Kidney

  5. Structures of the Excretory System • Kidney: The major organ of excretion. Excretes excess water, urea and metabolic wastes from the blood. Produce and excrete a waste product known as urine. Ureters transport urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder, where the urine is stored until it is released through the urethra.

  6. Wastes enters through renal artery Exits through renal vein • Nephrons: Individual processing units of kidneys. • Maintain blood pH • Regulate blood volume

  7. The Kidneys and Homeostasis • Kidneys play important role in maintaining homeostasis • The kidneys responds directly to the composition of the blood. They are also influenced by the endocrine system. Disruption of proper kidney function can lead to serious health problems. • Kidney Disorders • Kidney Stones • Kidney Damage • Kidney Failure

  8. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

  9. Functions • Converts food into small molecules that can be used by the cell. • Food is processed by the digestive system in 4 phases.

  10. 4 Phases of the Digestive System • 1) Ingestion- getting food into the system through your mouth • 2) Digestion- food is broken down 2 ways a) Mechanical- physical breakdown of large pieces of food b) Chemical- enzymes break down food into the small molecules

  11. 3) Absorption- absorbed by cells in the small intestine • 4) Elimination- travel through large intestine and eliminated from the body

  12. Process/What Occurs • Food travels through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.

  13. Process/What Occurs • Mouth/Teeth- perform mechanical digestion • Saliva- moisten food, make it easier to chew, begins process of chemical digestion • Esophagus- a tube that leads food into the stomach • Stomach- muscular sac continues chemical and mechanical digestion • Small Intestine- chemical digestion and absorption of the food • Pancreas- gland that produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels, breaks down carbs, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, produces sodium bicarbonate • Liver- produces bile, releases bile into small intestine, breaks down fats

  14. Absorption & Elimination • Small Intestine- absorbs nutrients into lining of small intestine (carbs & protein) • Large Intestine- removes water from the undigested material left over • Feces removed from the body through the anus

  15. THE END

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