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Cropping Practices that Influence Weed Management John Cardina Ohio State University cardina.2@osu

Cropping Practices that Influence Weed Management John Cardina Ohio State University cardina.2@osu.edu. Two goals: Don’t let weeds emerge. Don’t let escaped weeds produce seeds. Crop Rotation

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Cropping Practices that Influence Weed Management John Cardina Ohio State University cardina.2@osu

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  1. Cropping Practices that Influence Weed Management John Cardina Ohio State University cardina.2@osu.edu

  2. Two goals: • Don’t let weeds emerge. • Don’t let escaped weeds produce seeds.

  3. Crop Rotation Changing crop sequences to create an unstable and inhospitable environment for weed establishment and survival – resource availabilityallelopathic effectssoil disturbancesoil fertilitymechanical damage X time

  4. Grass crop Legume vegetable Mustard Cover crop Legume Forage Small grain

  5. Grass crop Legume vegetable Easy to cultivate Fibrous roots Competitive cultivar Fast seedling growth Dense canopy Mustard Cover crop Legume Forage Small grain

  6. Grass crop Legume vegetable Smother seedlings Allelopathy Mixed root structure Mustard Cover crop Legume Forage Small grain

  7. Crop Rotation Impacts:UNSTABLE CONDITIONS Crop type – canopy shape, shading etc Chemical environment – fertility, allelopathy Physical environment – temperature, light, moisture Timing of all field operations – planting, tillage, cultivation, harvest etc.

  8. Crop Competition ~ 50% of weed control variety selection resources – fertility, water row spacing, seeding rate soil management

  9. Allelopathy

  10. Cover Crops – physical & chemical suppression Rye Grass-legume Hairy vetch

  11. Cover Crops – - killed, mowed- incorporated- surface residue Buckwheat Crimson clover Mustard

  12. Smother Crops Winter-pea Red clover Sorghum-sudangrass Oats

  13. Mustard smother crops Corn Soybean

  14. Prevent weed emergence: physical suppression shade allelopathy Prevent weed seed production: shade

  15. Prevent weed emergence: cover & smother crops crop competition Prevent weed seed production: crop competition

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