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Applied Linguistics 665

Applied Linguistics 665. 1 First Language Acquisition. Stages of Language Development. Stages of Language Development. - ing – playing, eating, Third-person present tense “s” – he goes Regular past tense – played, goed, bringed Plural “s” – cats, boys, mans, foots

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Applied Linguistics 665

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  1. Applied Linguistics 665 1 First Language Acquisition

  2. Stages of Language Development

  3. Stages of Language Development • -ing – playing, eating, • Third-person present tense “s” – he goes • Regular past tense – played, goed, bringed • Plural “s” – cats, boys, mans, foots • Irregular past tense – went, brought

  4. Negation: • Stage 1: no + PHRASE - No drink, No you playing here • Stage 2: negator moves inside phrase; not and don’t added to list of negators but don’t is considered one word. I no can swim. I don’t see no mop. • Stage 3: negator attached to modals but initially may be unanalyzed as don’t in stage 2. I can’t play this one, I won’t tell. • Stage 4: auxiliary system is developed, and learner acquires correct use of not and contractions. He doesn’t know anything, I didn’t say it.

  5. Theories of First Language Acquisition • Behaviorism: Skinner (1957) 1. Language is learned like anything else. 2. Imitation: Children learn by imitating adult speech. 3. Stimulus and response 4. Reinforcement: Children learn to speak properly by being corrected by their caregivers (Motherese/ CDS). Problems?

  6. Explanations: 1. Children everywhere learn to speak about the same time and go through the same stages. 2. If it’s S-R, why don’t Apes, Dolphins,.. acquire human language? 3. Adult doesn’t utter “he goed home” 4. Children master a complex linguistic system faster than they learn other things.

  7. Cognitive: Chomsky (1959) • Innate: Humans have a genetic predisposition to learn language. • Generative Grammar – SS & DS • Language Acquisition Device (LAD) – UG • Children learn rules w/ or w/o feedback from adults. - Overgeneralization - Hypothesis – Test  Rule

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