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Sputnik

Sputnik. By: Jose Luis Urra. What is it?. World’s first artificial satellite Size of a beach ball Weighed only 183.9 lbs. (83.6 kg) “Sputnik” means “traveler in Russian. Why did Russia want to deploy one?. July 1, 1957 to December 31, 1958 was the International Geophysical Year ( IGY)

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Sputnik

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  1. Sputnik By: Jose Luis Urra

  2. What is it? • World’s first artificial satellite • Size of a beach ball • Weighed only 183.9 lbs. (83.6 kg) • “Sputnik” means “traveler in Russian

  3. Why did Russia want to deploy one? • July 1, 1957 to December 31, 1958 was the International Geophysical Year (IGY) • IGY was when the cycles of solar activity were going to be high • Satellite was meant to test radio signaling, calculate density, and check principals of pressurization • Soviet Union wanted to gather national security intelligence

  4. Sputnik i • Successfully launched on October 4, 1957 • Kazakhstan • Russia’s accomplishment received minimal attention in the newspaper • The next day, the Pravda (Russian newspaper) had the achievement on the first page • The article actually quoted the congratulations of their fiercest rivalry, USA

  5. USA’s story • America’s “earth-orbiting satellite” proposals were neglected since mid-1940s • When designs for the satellite were ready, America feared that it would “inflame the imagination of mankind” (RAND) • All funding stopped for launch because of this fear

  6. America’s Response to Sputnik • Moved their launch date a few months • December 6, 1957 • The launch was to be televised all over the nation • The booster failed after the rocket raised about 4 feet • It all went south from there…

  7. Vanguard TV3

  8. Russia’s response to Vanguard TV3 • The Pravda, again, posted America’s failure on their headlines • Read: “Oh! What a Flopnik” & “Publicity & Reality” • Also posted a picture of the Vanguard before and after the explosion side by side

  9. Sputnik ii • Created because Khrushchev wanted another launch by the 40th anniversary of the revolution • Only one month away • Weighed about 6 times as much as Sputnik I • 508 kg • Carried a dog as a test subject

  10. Laika • Died when the capsule did not separate from booster over heating the capsule • Animal groups disapproved of this • Soviets justified it with it being for a good cause

  11. Sputnik iii • First attempt to launch: April 27, 1958 • Failed when the satellite detached from the rocket after about 9 miles into the air • Satellite search was successful and satellite still transmitted radio signals • Second attempt: Successful on May 15, 1958 • Could have been the second biggest achievement: Mapping the Van Allen belts!

  12. Major people • Sergei Korolev • Nikita Khrushchev • John F. Kennedy • Dwight D. Eisenhower

  13. What’s left over? • NASA • Satellites in our atmosphere • Technological advances • “Sputnikfest” (Wisconsin)

  14. Fun Slide

  15. Bibliography • “First man in space.” 2013. The History Channel website. Dec 15 2013, 8:28 http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-man-in-space. • Launius, Roger D. "Sputnik and the Origins of the Space Age." Sputnik and the Origins of the Space Age. Nasa History, 2 Feb. 2005. Web. 14 Dec. 2013. http://history.nasa.gov/sputnik/sputorig.html. •  "The Cold War Museum." Cold War Museum. The Cold War Museum, n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2013. http://www.coldwar.org/articles/50s/sputnik.asp. •  Dunbar, Brian. "Sputnik 1." NASA. NASA, 04 Oct. 2011. Web. 15 Dec. 2013. http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_924.html. • James J. Harford, "Korolev's Triple Play: Sputniks 1, 2, and 3," adapted from James J. Harford, Korolev: How One Man Masterminded the Soviet Drive to Beat America to the Moon (John Wiley: New York, 1997).

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