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SPUTNIK: spaceflight era begins

SPUTNIK: spaceflight era begins. October 4, 1957. 184-pound basketball-size satellite. Lasted 3 months. R-7 launcher: world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile. November 3, 1957: Sputnik 2, 1120 pounds. Laika. May 15, 1958: Sputnik 3, 1.5 tons. Total mass: 367 tons

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SPUTNIK: spaceflight era begins

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  1. SPUTNIK: spaceflight era begins October 4, 1957 184-pound basketball-size satellite Lasted 3 months

  2. R-7 launcher: world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile November 3, 1957: Sputnik 2, 1120 pounds Laika May 15, 1958: Sputnik 3, 1.5 tons Total mass: 367 tons Payload: about 1 ton Thrust: 3.9x106 N January 15, 1958: Explorer 1 launched (US)

  3. February 20, 1962 John Glenn April 12, 1961 Yuri Gagarin

  4. Early timeline April 12, 1961: the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin) February 20, 1962: the first American on orbit (John Glenn) 1963: the first woman in space (Tereshkova) 1965: the first spacewalk (Leonov) 1969: first men on the moon (Collins, Armstrong, Aldrin) 1971: first space station (Salyut) 1981: first space shuttle flight (Columbia) Robotic missions to all planets

  5. Fathers of space programs Wernher von Braun 1912-1977 Sergei Korolyov 1907-1966

  6. Further reading: • http://astronauticsnow.com/ • http://arc.iki.rssi.ru/solar/eng/history.htm

  7. M • A person is pulling a crate of mass M along the floor with a constant force F over a distance d. The coefficient of friction is . • Find the work done by the force F on the crate. • Same if F changes as F0(1+x2/d2). • Find the work done by the force of friction on the crate. • Find the net work done on the crate if the crate is pulled with a constant velocity. • Find the final velocity of the crate if the crate is pulled with a constant acceleration starting from the rest.

  8. A person carries a bag of groceries of mass M with a constant velocity at the same height from the ground. Find the work done by a person on a bag. What if a person drops the bag to the floor from height 1 m with a constant velocity? With a constant acceleration a?

  9. Find the work done by a person on a backpack if • A person ascends with a constant speed; • (his velocity drops from 3 m/s at the bottom to 0.5 m/s at the top

  10. Problem 5 How many joules of energy does 100 watt light bulb use per hour? How fast would a 70-kg person have to run to have that amount of energy?

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