Monday, Sept. 30 th

1. Monday, Sept. 30th Do Now: Please pick up a semester exam review sheet, your assigned clicker from the front table, and turn in your essay pre-write worksheet (homework) to the homework bin. Silently find your assigned seat. In a moment, we will begin our Unit 3 review for tomorrow’s test.

2. Daily Agenda: • Bell-Ringer: Unit 3 Review • Writing Workshop: The DBQ Essay • Overview • Rubric • Template • In-Class Essay: 2002 DBQ Essay Essential Question: What process should I use to write a DBQ Essay? Homework: Finish DBQ Essay and submit to turnitin.com.

3. Other Topics to Review: • Justinian’s Rule • Byzantine Empire Legacies • Medieval Social Structure • The Reconquista • Religious Schisms (Islam and Christianity) • Medieval Trade / Economics • Important Cities of the Era • Muslim treatment of their conquered • Unit Vocabulary

4. The DBQ Essay Writing Workshop

5. DBQ Format The DBQ is the second part of the AP Exam. You will complete it after a 5 to 10 minute break immediately following a 55 minute multiple choice section The session begins with a mandatory 10 minute reading section, during which you will read the documents and take notes in the booklet. You will then have an approximately 40 minute period to write your essay. 50% of your AP Exam score is drawn from the essay section, of which 33% of the section score comes from the DBQ

6. There are no “right” answers to a DBQ. They are worded in such a way that you can argue any number of positions According to the College Board: “ Answers to standard essay questions will be judged on the strength of the thesis developed, the quality of the historical argument, and the evidence offered in support of the thesis, rather than on the factual information per se. Unless a question asks otherwise, students will not be penalized for committing one or another specific illustration.” In other words, if you forget to mention a good, illustrative, historic event but manage to back up your point in some other way, you will not be penalized However, you must include outside information, illustrating your knowledge of the subject When you refer to a document provided, always use its name or author, not just its number or letter.

7. Step #1: Analyzing the Question • An important (though not required) step here is to emphasize the comparisons and contrasts in this essay. This information would logically fit in our essay prior to the thesis in our introduction. • This can also be accomplished in the structure of out essay and with the use of effective transitional terms (similarly, in contrast, likewise, however, etc.) • Also, take note of the time frame given. Remember, there must be an analysis of how attitudes changed over time, not just that they changed.

8. Step #2: Gathering Outside Information • Islam • Founded by Muhammad, a merchant • Guided by the Quran, Shari’ah, and the Sunna • Spread by merchants • Developed by the descendants of Bedouin nomads • Tolerant of other religions • Christianity • Dominated Medieval Europe • Church was the most important institution in the Middle Ages • Founded by Jesus and his followers, all of whom gave up their wealth • Church sold indulgences in the Middle Ages • Trade • Europe connected to Silk Road and Mediterranean Sea trade routes initially • Trade decreased during MA due to nomadic invasions • Limited to regional trade during MA • Islamic world continued to spread via Indian Ocean and Trans-Saharan trade routes

9. Step #3: Grouping the Documents (“Bucketing”) • As you analyze the documents, begin thinking about possible ways to organize your essay. • Look to the question for guidance. If it lists different regions/religions/empires than consider those. If it asks for change over time, consider time periods. You could even consider basic things like similarities/differences or GRAPES categories.

10. Step #4: Forming a Thesis (Creating a “Chicken-foot”) • Refer to the documents: “According to the documents provided…” “As seen in the documents provided…” “The documents provided illustrate…” • Address all parts of the question in your thesis (Change over time, comparison/contrast, time periods, etc.) • Be specific and persuasive. • It can be long…but not more than 2 consecutive sentences. • Thesis = Your position and your roadmap

11. Step #5: Organizing your Essay • Now that you know what your body paragraphs will be (groups) and what point you want to make (thesis), its time to lay out your essay. • Each body paragraph will include both documented citations and outside analysis • See handout for recommended format • Remember, every body paragraph begins with a topic sentence (mini-thesis), includes use of the evidence, and analysis of the evidence.

12. Step #6.1: Using the Documents: • The first time you use a document, always refer to it by its title or author (not just Document 1). [“As seen in the passage from Matthew in the Christian Bible, …” or “As Thomas Aquinas states in Summa Theologica, …”] • It is always a good idea to use a parenthetical citation after quoting a document. [“It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God (Doc. 1).”] • Never merely paraphrase or quote a document without providing additional analysis or insight into its meaning. Remember, you are USING it to prove your point, not just showing you know what it says.

13. Step #6.2: Point of View Analysis: • Explain why the author is saying what they did in the given situation. • Does not have to be done for every document. • The more you do it, the better. • “However, it is important to note that Reginald was a peer of Godric and may have been influenced in his writing of Godric’s life based on the fact that Godric was likely to read the work himself. It would be natural in such a situation for someone to seek approval of a elder peer.”

14. Step #6.3: The Additional Document: • You must identify one (hypothetical) additional document that you would like to use in answering the question. • The document should be a different TYPE of document than what has already been given (receipt, journal, map, chart, record book, etc.) • The document doesn’t have to actually exist, only potentially exist (so don’t ask for a photo of a leprechaun riding a unicorn). Consider who’s point of view is missing. • You must explain specifically how the document would help in answering the question. • “In addition, a journal from a 15th century Imam regarding their insight into the morals of trade would have been beneficial in determining how merchant work was interpreted by religious leaders as they studied the Quran and sunnah.”

15. Extended Core Points: • World Historical Context Can you connect in outside information that is relevant to the question? For example, what was going on in the Christian and Islamic worlds during this era that would have influenced their views on trade? • Analysis  The better you explain why a document says what it says, the more likely you are to get additional points (don’t stick with just what the document says it) • Volume  But only in regard to your analysis of point of view (not the total number of words you write).

17. In-Class Essay: • Using the information provided, along with the document analysis activities we completed together, write an essay in response to the question provided. • Make sure to use the provided planning sheet to organize your thoughts before writing. • When you finish, review the essay rubric to ensure you will receive full credit.