OGT Review 3

1. Revised 2011 OGT Review 3

2. What is Imperialism? Policy used by some nations to take over other nations

3. Why do countries imperialize? • Raw materials/natural resources • New markets for finished products • Spread western civilization • Kipling’s “White Man’s Burden” • Social Darwinism • Convert people to Christianity • Establish military bases and overseas ports • Increase the power and influence of the controlling nations • Nationalism/desire to become a world power

4. Impact on People in Controlled Areas • Could not rule themselves • Language, religion, and culture were forced upon them by ruling nations • Gave up natural resources without compensation • Literacy rates went up as education improved • Health standards improves

5. How did the U.S. become an imperial power? • Alaska • Hawaii • Spanish-American war (1898) • Cuba • Teller Amendment • Platt Amendment • Puerto Rico • Foraker Act • Guam • Philippines

6. Resistance to Imperialism • What arguments may be made for and against imperialism? • Many people rebelled in the imperialized countries. • Boxer Rebellion in China • Gandhi’s non-violent protest movement against British in India • Filipino Rebellion against the U.S.

7. How did the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I impact foreign policy? • Germany had to take the blame for WWI • Took territory from Germany • Germany had to pay reparations, leading to economic and political instability • Germans had deep resentment for the Treaty of Versailles

8. Between the World Wars • World wide depression created political and economic stability in many countries • Rise of dictatorships: Why? • Hitler and Germany • Stalin and USSR • Mussolini and Italy • Franco and Spain • Tojo and Japan

9. The Failure of the League of Nations leads to World War II • U.S. remained isolated and did not join • Weak organization and could not stop the rise of totalitarian nations • Great Britain and France failed with the policy of appeasement • Germany attacked Poland in 1939 and Britain and France followed the attack with a declaration of war • U.S. to enter in December of 1941 after the attack on Pearl Harbor

10. Results of World War II • Ended in 1945 with the U.S. dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki • Marshall Plan • Differing intentions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union would lead to the Cold War • The U.S. and its allies formed NATO • The Soviet Union and its allies (“Satellites”) formed the Warsaw Pact • Churchill would state that “an iron curtain had descended upon Europe”

11. Events of the Cold War • Truman Doctrine and Containment • Berlin Blockade • Atomic weapons and the arms race • Communist Revolution in China • The Korean Conflict • McCarthyism • The Cuban Missile Crisis • The Vietnam War • The Berlin Wall fell in 1989, leading to the reunification of Germany

12. U.S. Domestic Affairs in the 1920s • Red Scare • Women’s right to vote • The Great Migration • Immigration Restrictions • Revival of the Ku Klux Klan • Roaring 20s • Harlem Renaissance • Stock Market Speculation • Stock Market Crash

13. U.S. Domestic Policy in the 1930s • Great Depression • New Deal (Relief, Recovery, Reform) • Dust Bowl

14. U.S. Domestic Policy 1940-1945 • U.S. in World War II • Home Front • Industrial Mobilization • Women and Minorities in the Workforce • Rationing • Internment of Japanese-Americans

15. U.S. Domestic Policy 1945-Present • Postwar Prosperity • McCarthyism • Space Race • Immigration Patterns (Sun Belt, Rust Belt) • Antiwar protest • Counterculture Movement • Women’s Liberation Movement • Civil Rights Movement