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Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups

Learn about functional groups in organic chemistry that determine chemical properties. Examples include alcohols, acids, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, esters, amines, and amides. Explore various molecules with different functional groups and naming conventions.

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Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups

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  1. Organic Chemistry:Functional Groups

  2. Functional Group • Group of atoms that is responsible for the chemical properties of the compound. • Examples: • Alcohols: -OH Hydroxyl Group. - ol • Organic acids: R- COOH Carboxyl Group. • - oic acid • Aldehydes: R-CHO Carbonyl. -al

  3. Functional Groups • D. Ketones: R – CO - R - one • E. Ethers: R – O - R ether • F. Esters: R – COO - R -noate • G. Amine: - N- • H. Amides: Formed by the combination of • 2 amino acids.

  4. Alcohols Ethers 2 Carbon molecules dimethyl ether ethanol Acids Esters ethanoic acid methyl methanoate Aldehydes Ketones No ketones are possible (3 C minimum) ethanal Amines Amides dimethylamine ethanamide ethylamine

  5. 3 Carbon molecules Alcohols 2-propanol 1-propanol Ethers Acids Ethyl methyl ether Propanoic acid Esters Methyl ethanoate Ethyl methanoate

  6. C H C H N H 3 2 C H 3 3 Carbon molecules Aldehydes Ketones 2-propanone propanal Amines propylamine trimethylamine ethylmethylamine Amides propanamide isopropylamine

  7. 4C alcohols 1-butanol 2-butanol 1-isobutanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol 2-isobutanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol

  8. 4C ethers methyl propyl ether isopropyl methyl ether diethyl ether

  9. 4C carboxylic acids butanoic acid isobutanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid

  10. 4C esters methyl propanoate ethyl ethanoate propyl methanoate isopropyl methanoate

  11. 4C aldehydes butanal isobutanal, 2-methylpropanal

  12. 4C ketones 2-butanone, (butanone)

  13. butylamine 4C amines isobutylamine methylpropylamine diethylamine ethyldimethylamine isopropylmethylamine

  14. 4C amides butanamide isobutanamide, 2-methyl-propanamide For more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com

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