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Comenius Project. Secondary School “Galileo Galilei” (Liceo Scientifico) Pescara (Italy). School Year 2011/2012. Classes 3C- 3E- 3H- 3I. Climate Change in Abruzzo Region. Climate can be defined as the combination of the atmospheric conditions
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Comenius Project SecondarySchool “Galileo Galilei” (Liceo Scientifico) Pescara (Italy) • School Year 2011/2012 Classes 3C- 3E- 3H- 3I
ClimateChange • in Abruzzo Region
Climate can be defined as the combination of the atmospheric conditions ( temperature, humidity, pressure, winds ) that characterize a geographical region for long periods of time and which determine the type of vegetation in it, both animal and plant life. This, in turn, also influences the economic activities of the people who live there and also their habits and culture.
Abruzzo climate The Region The region is 10.947 square kilometers, of this area 65% is mountainous. Abruzzo is the 3rd most mountainous region in Italy, 34,9% of the region is covered by hills and there are very few lowland areas.
the 4 provinces of Abruzzo L’ AQUILA PESCARA a mostly mountain district They have an even distribution of mountains and hills CHIETI TERAMO a more hilly district
Let’s consider the climatic conditions of Abruzzo The inland zone comprising the backbone of the Appennines which is studded with remarkable and connected mountain ranges In the Eastern coastal strip you find small hills that slope gently towards the sea Climate type Continental Climate type Adriatic - Mediterranean
… Weshall investigate on possiblelinksbetween air pollution and climatechange …
we will know the composition of the atmosphere and study its biosphere going through all the different types of life on Earth which emit and absorb some gases.
Compositionof atmosphere Nitrogen78% Oxygen21% Argon 0.93% >99% CO2 365·10-6 (365 ppm) CH4 1.7 ppm O3 0.01 - 10 ppm NO 1 - 100 ·10-9 (1-100ppb) NO2 10 - 150 ppb < 1%
Mankind can make a strong impact on the atmosphere byitsactivities The phenomenaof interest in the atmosphere involved are: climatechange, pollution, etc.
Another aspect we will consider is the growth of industrial production and how gases may have a harmful effect on the atmosphere. • Finally we are going to consider the climate change in the industrial areas of our region.
The Greenhouse effect:the natural one is necessary to life, that caused by human action is probably not… • About 30% of infrared radiation disperses in the space. • When the concentration of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rises the quantity of heat trapped and reflected increases. • The oceans warm up and expel more water vapor which in turn can increase the greenhouse effect. • In natural conditions about 70% of the infrared radiation is absorbed in water vapor and other greenhouse gases that are in the atmosphere. Such gases act as glass panels in a greenhouse catching the heat and reflecting it again onto the Earth’s surface. • The Sun rays penetrate the atmosphere and heat up the Earth’s surface the Earth’s surface the heat spreads out in the atmosphere in the form of infrared rays
Actions to limit the climate change What type of strategies can we implement? • we can modify the sources of emission • The production of electrical energy releases a huge quantity of CO2
The substitutionoffossilfuels solar energy wind energy Producing energy while reducing drastically the emissions of CO2 geothermical energy tidal energy biomass energy
How far have we developed renewable resources in our region? • How many plants have been established? What types are they?Where are they? Has the energy produced from the Sun and the wind replaced traditional energy resources? Do other plans for the development of photovoltaic or wind farms exist?
How has the climate changed in Abruzzo? Let’s examine the data of recorded temperatures
From what sources can we get our information ? University of L’Aquila, CETEMPS - Department of Physics Group ofresearchdirectedby Professor G. Visconti
How do we measure temperature? Bases used for the measurement and study of atmospheric conditions
High level mountain observatory Station of the refuge of Ducadegli Abruzzi, Mt Portella 2388, the highest in the Appennines Calderone (The most southern glacier of Europe)) Corno Grande CETEMPS is in charge of the management of the database of the network Share for the filtering of the geophysical data of all the high mountain observatories in the world.
Network of stations in Abruzzo Region PESCARA L’AQUILA the temperature database began in 1920 and the rainfall database began in 1874 in many parts of the region.
How can we observe the changes in the rainfall in the region? Let’s look at the analysis of the data that indicate a variation...
From the analysis of the data from 1930 to the present day from all the main towns in Abruzzo, some of the studies that have been done indicate: • a TREND of average temperatures • a TREND of maximum and minimum temperatures • a TREND of seasonal temperatures • a TREND of seasonal and annual rainfall • a TREND of seasonal and annual of daily rainfall.
What are the key questions? • What is the connection between the changes in temperature, both on the coast and in the high mountains? • During recent years have the atmospheric conditions shown variation? • Has the rise in temperature had an effect on our agriculture?
