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Dengue fever: a worldwide crisis

Used with permission from Microsoft. Dengue fever: a worldwide crisis. Abigail Jeffers MPH Student Walden University PUBH 6165-4 Environmental Health Dr. Robert P. Marino Winter Quarter 2010. agenda. Expected learning outcome Understand cost to society Recognize impact on health

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Dengue fever: a worldwide crisis

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  1. Used with permission from Microsoft Dengue fever: a worldwide crisis Abigail Jeffers MPH Student Walden University PUBH 6165-4 Environmental Health Dr. Robert P. Marino Winter Quarter 2010

  2. agenda • Expected learning outcome • Understand cost to society • Recognize impact on health • Develop effective control • Describe infection routes • Audience • WHO • CDC • Government • General population • Purpose of presentation Used with permission from Microsoft

  3. What is it? • Mosquito-borne viral disease • DENV-1 • DENV-2 • DENV-3 • DENV-4 • Endemic to Tropical regions • No cure • DHF Used with permission from Microsoft Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Epidemiology. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology/index.html

  4. Cause of dengue fever • Bite from infected Aedes aegypti mosquito • Stagnant water • Poor surveillance • Poor Control • Poorly constructed homes • Solid waste disposal Used with permission from CDC World Health Organization. (2009). Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/

  5. Lifecycle of aedes aegypti Used with permission from Hopp & Foley, 2001

  6. Endemic regions Used with permission from World Health Organization. (2009). Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/

  7. Symptoms treatment • Fever 105ºF • Rash • Headache • Backache • Petechiae • Ecchymoses • Supported care • Acetaminophen • Rehydration • Blood pressure control • Transfusions Used with permission from Microsoft Used with permission from Microsoft Gurugama, P., Garg, P., Perera, J., Wijewickrama, A. & Seneviratne, S.L. (2010). Dengue Viral Infections. Indian J Dermatol, 55(1):68-78. DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.60357

  8. prevalence • 100 million cases per year Used with permission from Microsoft Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Dengue Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/faqFacts/fact.html

  9. incidence • 2.5 billion people • 2/5 of the world's population • 500,000 DHF cases • 120 million travellers Used with permission from Microsoft World Health Organization. (2011). Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/dengue/en/

  10. morbidity • Children • Elderly Used with permission from Microsoft Schwartz, E., Weld, L.H., Wilder-Smith, A., von Sonnenburg, F., Keystone, J.S., Kain, K.C., Torresi, J. & Freedman, D.O. (2008). Seasonality, annual trends, and characteristics of dengue in ill returned travelers, 1997–2006. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 14(7):1081-1088. DOI: 10.3201/eid1407.071412

  11. mortality • 2.5% of children • >20% w/o proper treatment • 22,000 deaths per year Image shows the gut of a mosquito filled with blood during feeding. Used with permission from CDC Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Epidemiology. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology/index.html

  12. outbreaks • 2007 Venezuela • 2007 Puerto Rico • 2008 Brazil • 2009 Cape Verde • 2010 The Americas Used with permission from Google images Ribeiro, P. (2009). 2008 Dengue fever outbreak in Rio de Janeiro . Retrieved from http://gobrazil.about.com/od/denguefeverinbrazil/a/denguerio.htm

  13. Cost to society • Funds availability • Decreases GDP • Economic strain • $1.8 billion annually • Loss of income Used with permission from Microsoft Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Dengue Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/faqFacts/fact.html Gubler, D.J. (2006). Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever: history and current status. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 277:3-16. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17319151 Suaya, J.A., Shepard, D.S., Siqueira, J.B., Martelli, C.T., Lum, L.C., Tan, L.H., Kongsin ,S., Jiamton, S,. Garrido, F., Montoya ,R., Armien, B., Huy, R., Castillo, L., Caram, M., Sah, B.K., Sughayyar ,R., Tyo, KR. & Halstead, S.B. (2009). Cost of dengue cases in eight countries in the Americas and Asia: a prospective study. American Journal of Tropical Medicine Hygiene, 80(5):846-855. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19407136

  14. Prevention and control • Eradicating the mosquitoes • Eliminating stagnant water • Use of mosquito pesticide • Testing of blood products Used with permission from Microsoft Gurugama, P., Garg, P., Perera, J., Wijewickrama, A. & Seneviratne, S.L. (2010). Dengue Viral Infections. Indian J Dermatol, 55(1):68-78. DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.60357

  15. challenges • Community involvement • Physicians knowledge • Increased air travel • Urbanization Used with permission from Microsoft Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Dengue Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/faqFacts/fact.html

  16. references • Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Dengue Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/faqFacts/fact.html • Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Epidemiology. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/dengue/epidemiology/index.html • Gubler, D.J. (2006). Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever: history and current status. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 277:3-16. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17319151 • Gurugama, P., Garg, P., Perera, J., Wijewickrama, A. & Seneviratne, S.L. (2010). Dengue Viral Infections. Indian J Dermatol, 55(1):68-78. DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.60357 • Ribeiro, P. (2009). 2008 Dengue fever outbreak in Rio de Janeiro . Retrieved from http://gobrazil.about.com/od/denguefeverinbrazil/a/denguerio.htm • Suaya, J.A., Shepard, D.S., Siqueira, J.B., Martelli, C.T., Lum, L.C., Tan, L.H., Kongsin ,S., Jiamton, S,. Garrido, F., Montoya ,R., Armien, B., Huy, R., Castillo, L., Caram, M., Sah, B.K., Sughayyar ,R., Tyo, KR. & Halstead, S.B. (2009). Cost of dengue cases in eight countries in the Americas and Asia: a prospective study. American Journal of Tropical Medicine Hygiene, 80(5):846-855. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19407136

  17. References • Schwartz, E., Weld, L.H., Wilder-Smith, A., von Sonnenburg, F., Keystone, J.S., Kain, K.C., Torresi, J. & Freedman, D.O.(2008). Seasonality, annual trends, and characteristics of dengue in ill returned travelers, 1997–2006. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 14(7):1081-1088. DOI: 10.3201/eid1407.071412 • Ugonabo, N., & Valdovinos, C. (2008). Assessing the impact of treatment of septic tanks with expanded polystyrene beads on Aedes aegypti larval and adult mosquito emergence. Retrieved from http://www.stanford.edu/group/parasites/ParaSites2008/Nkem_Cristina%20Valdoinos/ugonabon_valdovinosc_dengueproposal.htm • World Health Organization. (2009). Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/ • World Health Organization. (2011). Dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/dengue/en/

  18. supplemental reading • Ballenger-Browning, K.K. & Elder, J.P. (2009). Multi-modal Aedes aegypti mosquito reduction interventions and dengue fever prevention. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 14(12):1542-1551. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02396.x. Use the Walden Library Academic Search Premier database, and search using the article’s Accession Number: 2010496140 • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. (2009). Dengue Fever. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/TOPICS/DENGUEFEVER/RESEARCH/Pages/Default.aspx

  19. I sincerely appreciate the time that you have devoted to my presentation. If you have any questions, I will be happy to answer them. Thank you!!! Used with permission from Microsoft

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