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Political Machines. the rest of section 3. Growing Cities. Rapidly growing cities proved difficult to govern. They had to provide: Fire protection Police force Transportation systems Sewage disposal Electrical service Water service Healthcare. Growing Cities.
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Political Machines the rest of section 3
Growing Cities • Rapidly growing cities proved difficult to govern. They had to provide: • Fire protection • Police force • Transportation systems • Sewage disposal • Electrical service • Water service • Healthcare
Growing Cities • New taxes & new offices to govern • Hot competition for these positions • Middle / upper classvs.new immigrants, rural migrants, & workers • Then came the political machine. • Unofficial city organization designed to keep a particular group / party in power • Headed by a single powerful “boss”
System of favors • Jobs & contracts given to local residents in return for their votes. • Once in power, a simple contribution to the machine could guarantee favors from the city. • This is called graft.
Political Machines • Why werethesemachines sosuccessful? • Manybelieve itwas becauseof immigrants.
Two Bosses • George B. Cox (Cincinnati) • Former saloon owner • Elected in 1879 to city council (2 terms) • Very influential • “The people do the voting.I simply see that the rightcandidates are selected.” • Handpicked everyonewho held office in the city.
Two Bosses • William M. Tweed (NYC) • Most notorious of all bosses • Tammany Hall • Ran NYC Democratic Party • Controlled city treasury, very corrupt • Arrested in 1873 • Eventually died in jail