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ROAD TO WWII

This text discusses the aggressive military actions of Japan and Germany leading up to World War II, including the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, the Rape of Nanjing, Italian aggression in Ethiopia, and German aggression and appeasement.

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ROAD TO WWII

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  1. ROAD TO WWII

  2. Japanese Aggression • Military leaders gained support & won control of the country • Were extreme nationalists • Wanted to solve the country’s economic problems through foreign expansion • Manchuria (in China) had iron & coal that Japan needed

  3. Japanese Aggression • 1931 army takes Manchuria • Set up a puppet gov’t • Withdrew from the League of Nations in 1933 • Full-scale war with China • Better equipped & trained than the Chinese

  4. Japanese Aggression • 1937 Rape of Nanjing (capital of China) – they killed 200,000-300,000 soldiers & civilians, & destroyed everything

  5. Italian Aggression • Mussolini wanted a colonial empire in Africa • Invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 • Took over Albania

  6. German Aggression & Appeasement • 1935 Hitler would not obey the Versailles Treaty’s restriction on size of the army • 1936 troops moved into the Rhineland (area between Germany & France) • French were unwilling to risk war & did not fight over it

  7. German Aggression & Appeasement • Appeasement –giving into an aggressor to keep peace • Hitler felt more confident & continued expansion & military building • Germany, Italy, & Japan form an alliance called the Axis Powers

  8. German Aggression & Appeasement • 1938 took over Austria • 1938 demanded that Czechoslovakia give Germany the Sudetenland

  9. German Aggression & Appeasement Munich Conference– meeting of Germany, France, Britain, & Italy on Sept. 29, 1938 • Czechs not invited • Neville Chamberlain (Britain) believed that he could preserve peace by giving into Hitler’s demand • Britain & France agreed that he could take the Sudetenland • Hitler promised to respect the new borders & not take more

  10. German Aggression & Appeasement • 6 months later, he took Czechoslovakia • Demanded that Poland return the port of Danzig

  11. Failure of the League of Nations • Some nations were not allowed to join • U.S. did not join • Had no power to enforce its decisions • Did nothing to Japan when it invaded China & did not protect China • Japan withdrew

  12. Failure of the League of Nations • Did nothing to Italy when it invaded Ethiopia & did not protect Ethiopia • Did nothing to Hitler when he did not obey the Versailles Treaty • Did not stop Hitler from taking over the Rhineland, Austria, Czechoslovakia & did not protect these areas

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