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The Nucleus

The Nucleus. Spherical or Oval Structure Usually most predominant structure in a cell Most cells have a single nucleus Mature RBCs – no nuclesu Skeletal Muscle – multinucleated. Nuclear Envelope. Double Membrane Lipid Bilayers Separates the Nucleus from the Cytoplasm

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The Nucleus

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  1. The Nucleus

  2. Spherical or Oval Structure • Usually most predominant structure in a cell • Most cells have a single nucleus • Mature RBCs – no nuclesu • Skeletal Muscle – multinucleated

  3. Nuclear Envelope • Double Membrane • Lipid Bilayers • Separates the Nucleus from the Cytoplasm • Outer membrane is continuous with the Rough ER

  4. Nuclear Pores • Openings in the nuclear envelope • Control movement of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm

  5. Nucleoli • Cluster of protein, DNA and RNA • Found within the nucleus • Site of ribosome production • Cells that produce large amounts of protein have very predominant nucleoli

  6. Genes • Heredity Units • Control cell structure and direct cell activity • Arranged in single file on chromosomes • Humans cells have 46 chromosomes • Appear as thin threads called chromatin when the cell isn’t dividing

  7. Genome • The total genetic information carried in a cell or organism • Genomics – the study of the genome and the biological functions of the organism

  8. Human Genome Project • Began in 1990 in an effort to sequence all 3.2 billion (BILLION!) nucleotides of the human genome.

  9. Checkpoint • Describe the function of the nucleus • What are the structures that compose the nucleus? • Do all cells have a single nucleus?

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