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Teaching Toulmin

Teaching Toulmin. Phillip Albonetti Jackie Gantzer. Objectives. Identify and Explain the components of a Toulmin essay Examine the Toulmin Rubric and its structure Analyze sample essays in accordance with the Toulmin Rubric Identify resources to support teaching Toulmin in the classroom.

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Teaching Toulmin

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  1. Teaching Toulmin Phillip Albonetti Jackie Gantzer

  2. Objectives • Identify and Explain the components of a Toulmin essay • Examine the Toulmin Rubric and its structure • Analyze sample essays in accordance with the Toulmin Rubric • Identify resources to support teaching Toulmin in the classroom

  3. Agenda • Components and Examples of Toulmin • Claim • Premise • Evidence • Warrant • Objection/Reply • The Rubric • Example Essays • Resources

  4. Hierarchy of a Toulmin Essay

  5. Claim - Overview • Definition: The main argument, or point of view, of an essay; what you are trying to “prove.” • Claim of Fact • Setting up recycling bins at school will reduce our carbon footprint. • Our school should add a computer technology class. • Claim of Value • Euthanasia is immoral. • Capital punishment is barbaric.

  6. Topic vs. Claim As I read off the following phrases, hold a “thumbs up!” if it’s a Claim And a “thumbs down!” if it’s a topic

  7. Hierarchy of a Toulmin Essay

  8. Premise - Overview • Definition: A sub-point of the main argument; a reason to support the claim. • Claim: Our school should add a computer technology class. • Premise: Having a computer technology class would prepare students for future employment. • Premise: Many students are very skilled on computers; having this class would help them explore their strengths and interests. • Premise: After learning more computer-based skills, students could help support any school IT issues.

  9. Identifying Claim and Premise Watch the following clip and identify: • Claim • 3 Premises Coke vs. Pepsi

  10. Hierarchy of a Toulmin Essay

  11. Evidence - Overview • Definition: the “proof”for the premise/topic sentence. Much like a science classroom, evidence in an essay needs to be observableand/or measureable. • Claim: Our school should add a computer technology class. • Premise: Having a computer technology class would prepare students for future employment. • Evidence: Around 75% of jobs today incorporate technology to some degree. • Evidence: For example, if a student wanted to be a mechanic, they use computers to run diagnostics before they begin repair work. • Evidence: Technology skills are useful in jobs that don’t use computers, too. Are these evidence statements observable? Measureable? CLAP hard if they are, do a weak clapper if they’re not.

  12. Potential Confusion • Evidence must also be reliable and/or reasonable. • If it’s a research paper, it must be cited or widely accepted as fact. • If it’s an on-demand essay, it should be provable and reasonable.

  13. Champ Kind:“It is anchorman, not anchorlady! And that is a scientific fact!” Ron Burgundy: “I'm a man who discovered the wheel and built the Eiffel Tower out of metal and brawn. That's what kind of man I am. You're just a woman with a small brain. With a brain a third the size of us. It's science.” Brian Fantana:“They've done studies, you know. 60% of the time, it works every time.”

  14. Evidence - Fact or Fake? Chupacabra • Is the alleged animal on the video a Chupacabra? • What evidence do you have to prove your claim?

  15. Hierarchy of a Toulmin Essay

  16. Warrant - Overview • Definition: the connection between the evidence and the premise or overall claim. It serves to further explain rationale for a premise. • Answers the questions: What does this demonstrate? What does this prove? Why is this important? What does this mean? • Claim: Our school should add a computer technology class. • Premise: Having a computer technology class would prepare students for future employment. • Evidence: Around 75% of jobs today incorporate technology to some degree. • Evidence: For example, if a student wanted to be a mechanic, they use computers to run diagnostics before they begin repair work. • Warrant: This shows that even jobs that are considered more “manual labor” are utilizing technology these days.

  17. Potential Confusion • Sometimes students will put their warrant before the evidence. • Premise: Having a computer technology class would prepare students for future employment. • Warrant: Many jobs today, including those considered to be manual labor, use technology in some capacity. • Evidence: Around 75% of jobs today incorporate technology to some degree. • Evidence: For example, if a student wanted to be a mechanic, they use computers to run diagnostics before they begin repair work.

  18. Evidence vs. Warrant • As I read each statement, determine whether it would be considered an EVIDENCE statement or a WARRANT statement by pointing towards the East or the West.

  19. REVIEW • Turn to a partner and begin reviewing the 4 Toulmin components we’ve covered so far. Explain what each component is and what it accomplishes in the essay. • When you’re finished, “tag team” your partner, and they will go through them as well. Claim Premise Evidence Warrant

  20. Parsing out an Argument • Recycling • Identify examples of the following from this clip • Claim • Premise • Evidence • Warrant

  21. Hierarchy of a Toulmin Essay

  22. Objection - Overview • Definition: potential counter-arguments to a claim • Providing an objection shows that the student has a thorough understanding of the argument, has thought through several points of view, and has thus, determined the best option. • Examples • Many people believe that recycling is too expensive and time-consuming. • Others have expressed that students should be able to use physical violence as a means of defending themselves. • Some students say that including another foreign language class is more important than a computer technology class.

  23. Hierarchy of a Toulmin Essay

  24. Reply - Overview • Definition: response to an objection • Should include evidence and warrants, just like the other paragraphs. Examples • In the long run, not recycling will actually cost tax payers more money. • If students respond to violence with violence, it will become a cycle in which everyone gets hurt. • Computer technology classes are more applicable to our future than foreign language classes. • Many people believe that recycling is too expensive and time-consuming. • Others have expressed that students should be able to use physical violence as a means of defending themselves. • Some students say that including another foreign language class is more important than a computer technology class.

  25. The RUBRIC (Page 9) Essay Paragraphs/ Sections Scores Essay Section Components Essay Section Component Elements

  26. EXPLORE! • Take a few minutes and look through the rubric. What other sections and components will students be scored on that we haven’t talked about? • Are there any parts that seem confusing to you, or that you will need more explanation about?

  27. Toulmin Rubric Reference Guide • Page 11 in your ELA binders • Offers definitions, explanations, examples, and a guide to scoring essays using the rubric.

  28. Practicing the Basics • Exemplars • 8thGrade Tindley Exemplar, “Referral Beat Down” • Page 60 In groups, identify the following from this essay: Paragraph 1: Claim Paragraphs 2-4: Premise, Evidence, Warrant • HS Tindley Exemplar, “Fun Time for Homecoming” • Page 65 Individually, identify the following from this essay: Paragraph 1: Claim Paragraphs 2-3: Premise, Evidence, Warrant Paragraph 4: Objection, Reply

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