ONLINE ORIENTATION

1. ONLINE ORIENTATION Laboratory Environment

2. About EHS We support the University's core mission of teaching, research, and service by providing comprehensive environmental, health and safety services to the University community including: education through training and consultation; maintaining a safe environment; ensuring regulatory compliance; and controlling recognized health and safety hazards. To achieve this mission we must rely on all University employees to understand and recognize safety policy and procedures.

3. About EHS The responsibility of the department of Environment, Health and Safety is to develop a comprehensive program to comply with the provisions of each of the following regulations: Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • NC DENR NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources • Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization (JCAHO) • NC Radiation Protection Section (NCRPS) • Office of State Personnel (OSP) • NC Fire Prevention Codes • NFPA 101 Life Safety Codes

4. About EHS EHS provides comprehensive support for the University community in the areas of environmental compliance, occupational health and safety. To learn more about each section, please visit EHS’s website at http://ehs.unc.edu.

5. Workplace Safety Program In accordance to University policy and North Carolina General Statute Article 63, each state agency must have a written Health and Safety program with clearly stated goals or objectives that promote safe and healthful working conditions. The Environment, Health and Safety manual along with other specific manuals, such as Radiation Safety Manual, Laboratory Safety Manual, and Biological Safety manual serves as the University's written Health and Safety program. These manuals provide University employees with the necessary guidance in maintaining a safe work environment. Each of these manuals can be viewed in more detail by selecting "Manuals" from the EHS web site. • Other elements of the Workplace Safety program include: • Conduct new employee training to help with the identification of and correction of hazards, • Review workplace incidents and develop ways to eliminate or minimize hazards, and • Employee input through safety committees

6. Workplace Safety Program UNC's health and safety committees perform workplace inspections, review injury and illness records, make advisory recommendations to the administration, and perform other functions determined by the State Personnel Commission. The Workplace Safety Committees report through the following structure: UNC employees should contact EHS or any committee member regarding safety concerns.

7. Workplace Safety Program If you are interested in serving on one of the committees please feel free to contact the EHS office at (919) 962-5507.

8. Fire Safety Program UNC's Fire Safety program is based on NFPA 101 Life Safety Code, N.C. Fire Prevention Code, and OSHA 1910 Subpart E. Your understanding and contribution to Fire Safety is the key to an effective fire protection program for the University. Regularly inspecting your area for • electrical hazards • storage in hallways • blocked exit ways • adequate lighting of exits • general housekeeping can prevent a fire from occurring and provide employees with a safe passage in the event of a fire.

9. Fire Safety Program If a fire or other emergency occurs in your building, employees must know two Means of Egress (exit). OSHA defines Means of Egress as "A continuous and unobstructed way of exit travel from any point in a building or structure to a public way." The three main components of Means of Egress are: • The way of Exit Access • The exit • The way of Exit Discharge

10. Fire Safety Program Exit Access is the area in which an employee uses as their means of exiting to an exit. Exit Discharge is the exit from a building to a public way. Exit is the protected way of travel to the exit discharge.

11. Fire Safety Program The Department of EHS has prepared a general Emergency Action Plan for the University to follow. An Emergency Action Plan is "a plan for the workplace describing what procedures the employers and employees must take to ensure employee's safety from fire and other emergencies" (1910.35j). The plan includes: • posting of planned evacuation routes • procedures to follow in the event of a fire or emergency • procedures to account for employees after evacuation • procedures for employees who remain to operate critical equipment in an emergency

12. Fire Safety Program Posting of Planned Evacuation Routes - Building evacuation procedure for your department should be posted on the office bulletin board and at all elevators. Employees should know at least two evacuation routes for their designated work area and any area that they frequent often. Employees are encouraged to evaluate the building evacuation areas daily to ensure that there are no obstructions. If obstructions are found, please report it to the EHS immediately at (919) 962-5507.

13. Fire Safety Program Procedures to Follow - If a fire emergency was to occur in your workplace, it is vital that you be prepared to react. The acronym RACE provides the basic steps of the Emergency Action Plan to follow: • Remove or rescue individuals in immediate danger • Activate the alarm by pulling the fire pull station located in the corridors and calling 911. • Confine the fire by closing windows, vents and doors • Evacuate to safe area (know the evacuation routes for your areas).

14. Fire Safety Program Procedures to Account for Employees – The University has designated an Emergency Coordinator(s) for all occupied buildings. Each Emergency Coordinator (EC) is responsible for assisting in the safe and orderly emergency evacuation of employees. In preparation for an emergency, the EC completes an information card that includes: • evacuation monitors' names • employee names and phone numbers occupying building • location of employees needing assistance • rooms containing hazardous material, • and equipment needing special attention.

15. Fire Safety Program In an emergency, each Emergency Coordinator is responsible for the following in accordance with the University Emergency Plan: • Sweep through assigned area to alert occupants that an evacuation is in process. • Assist building occupants needing special assistance • Report to the University Emergency Command Sector with emergency information card • Advise emergency personnel regarding building contents • Account for all employees by meeting building occupants at the assembly area • Advise building occupants regarding situation and when re-entry is permitted • Advise Facilities Services personnel in cleanup operations.

16. Fire Safety Program To extinguish a fire requires proper identification of the type of fire extinguisher to use. There are four classes of extinguishers to choose from. Currently University buildings are equipped with Type ABC fire extinguishers, except in computer labs or mechanical rooms with have CO2 extinguishers.

17. Fire Safety Program Only University employees working in healthcare, emergency response, and/or whose job requires them to use a fire extinguisher are required to receive annual hands on fire extinguisher training. EHS Fire Safety section conducts annual classes in different locations on campus. For other employees it is beneficial to know how a fire extinguisher is used. Remembering the acronym PASS will assist in the proper use of a fire extinguisher. • Pull the pin between the handles. • Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. • Squeeze the handles together. • Sweep the extinguisher from side to side at the base of the fire.

18. Fire Safety Program A few fire safety reminders: • Everyone is responsible for keeping the work area safe from fires. • Review your evacuation routes to ensure that exits and passageways are unobstructed. • Practice good general housekeeping. • Store flammable liquids and combustible material properly. • Report any fire hazards or other safety concerns immediately to the department of Environment, Health and Safety at (919) 962-5507.

19. Workers’ Compensation Program Workers' Compensation benefits are available to any University employee (whether full-time, part-time, temporary) who suffers disability through accident or illness arising out of, and in the scope of, his or her employment, according to the North Carolina Workers' Compensation Act.

20. Workers’ Compensation Program The benefits provided to University Employees include medical and leave. Medical benefits include all authorized medical services such as physician visit, prescriptions, physical therapy, rehabilitation, etc. Leave benefits are provided to employees when an authorized medical provider places an employee out work.

21. Workers’ Compensation Program If you receive an injury or occupational illness, go directly to the University Employee Occupational Health Clinic (UEOHC) located at 145 N. Medical Drive. The UEOHC is open from 8:30 am to 4:30 pm Monday thru Friday, except holidays. For after hours needlestick/human blood or body fluid exposures, please call UEOHC at 966-9119. The UEOHC line will automatically forward your call to Healthlink in order to gather the appropriate information and put you in contact with the Family Practice physician covering the needlestick hotline. For all other after-hour work related injuries that require immediate medical care, go directly to the UNC Emergency Department. If immediate medical care is not needed, then please report to the UEOHC the following day. For a life-threatening injury or illness, go directly to the Emergency Department located in the Neurosciences Hospital on Manning Drive.

22. Workers’ Compensation Program If you experienced an on-the-job injury or illness, you are to report the incident immediately to your supervisor no matter how minor. Once the injury is reported, an incident investigation will occur to determine the cause of the incident and corrective action taken to prevent the incident from reoccurring. Please note: Failure to report an injury could result in the denial of your claim.

23. Workers’ Compensation Program For further information concerning University policies on workplace injuries and illnesses, refer to the "Workers' Compensation" pages on the EHS web site.

24. Hazard Communication Background What is OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard? OSHA’s Hazard Communication standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), promulgated 1994, requires that employees be informed of the hazards of chemical(s) that they work with or are present in their work area.

25. OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (continued) The four elements of the program include: • Ensuring chemicals are labeled • Maintaining departmental/work unit/laboratory chemical inventories • Maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • Training of personnel by Supervisor on the chemicals that are used or in the workplace

26. OSHA collaborates with United Nation Understanding the need for consistent classifications of hazards chemicals, OSHA decided to better align with the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System by adopting a common classification and labeling of chemicals. To view details of this report, double click picture.

27. Benefits of Adopting GHS There are several benefits for OSHA in adopting the Globally Harmonized system. In particular, it will provide a common and coherent approach to classifying chemicals and communicating hazard information on labels and safety data sheets. Thus resulting in: • Consistency of information provided • Increase comprehension of hazards • Help address literacy problems • Facilitation of international trade of chemicals

28. OSHA Publishes Revised Standard In March 2012, the revised Hazard Communication Standard became law and included an established timeframe for implementation. The table below outlines the effective dates, requirements and responsible parties.

29. Benefit of HazCom2012 With the University’s mission to “serve North Carolina, the United States, and the World through teaching, research, and public service,” the new requirements under HazCom 2012 will enhance clarity for University employees positioned on campus as well as abroad.

30. HazCom2012 Requirements By December 2013, all University employees are to have received general training regarding “definitions”, “label” and “Safety Data Sheet” for chemicals under new HazCom 2012 standard. Supervisors are still required to provide job specific training to employees on the chemicals used in their area at least once and every time a new chemical is added. The training must cover proper use, handling, and personal protective equipment required for the safe handling of the hazardous chemicals.

31. Definitions HazCom 2012 will use a “specification” approach rather than a “performance-oriented” approach. Hazards will be classified thus providing a specific criteria for classification of health and physical hazards, as well as classification of mixtures. Specifically: • Appendix A defines health and physical hazards • Appendix B includes additional parameters to evaluate health hazard data • Appendix F pertains to Carcinogens

32. Labels HazCom 2012 requires chemical manufacturers and importers to provide a label that includes a harmonized product identifier, pictogram, signal word, and hazard statement for each hazard class and category. Precautionary statements must also be provided.

33. Labels - Pictograms Pictograms are required on labels to alert users of the chemical hazards to which they may be exposed. Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard(s), such as health, physical, and environmental . The pictogram on the label is determined by the chemical hazard classification. There are nine pictograms with only the environmental pictogram being optional.

34. Labels – Distinct Hazards As previously stated, “Distinct hazards” are chemicals in which there is scientific evidence that a health, physical, and/or environmental hazards may occur. • Health Hazard - acute or chronic health affects may occur if exposed. • Physical Hazard - a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive • Environmental Hazard – pose risk or danger to the environment

35. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • Acute Toxicity (fatal and toxic) • Fatal in contact with skin • Fatal if inhaled • Fatal if swallowed • Toxic if swallowed • Toxic in contact with skin Examples: Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Acrylonitrile, Arsenic Skull and Cross Bones will appear on the most severely toxic chemicals. Depending on the toxicity of the chemical, the skull and crossbones indicates that the chemical may be toxic or fatal. Specifically it can mean:

36. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • May be corrosive to metals • Causes severe skin burns • Causes serious eye damage Examples: Sodium Hydroxide (lye) and Sulfuric Acid Corrosive will appear on chemicals that have corrosive properties. Depending on the properties of the chemical(s) in the product, the corrosion pictogram can mean:

37. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • Harmful if swallowed • Acute Toxicity (harmful) • Harmful in contact with skin • Skin Sensitizer • Harmful if inhaled • Respiratory Tract Irritant • Causes skin irritation • Irritant (skin and eye) • Causes serious eye irritation • May cause allergic skin reaction • Hazardous to Ozone Layer Examples: Isopropyl Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol, Acetone Exclamation Mark will appear on chemicals with less severe toxicity. This symbol will never be used with “skull and crossbones” symbol. Depending on the health hazard, it can mean:

38. Labels – Pictograms (Health) • Carcinogen • Mutagenicity • Reproductive Toxicity • Respiratory Sensitizer • Target Organ Toxicity • Aspiration Toxicity Examples: Carbon Monoxide, Hexanes Health Hazard will appear on chemicals with less severe toxicity. This symbol will never be used with “skull and crossbones” symbol. Depending on the health hazard, it can mean:

39. Labels – Pictograms (Health/Physical) Gas Cylinder can cause fires, explosions, oxygen deficient atmospheres, toxic gas exposures as well as the innate physical hazard associated with cylinders under high pressure • Gases under pressure • Compressed gases • Liquefied gases • Refrigerated liquefied gases • Dissolved gases Examples: Butane and Propane

40. Labels – Pictograms (Physical) Exploding Bomb symbol will appear on chemicals that have explosive properties. • Unstable Explosives • Self-reactive substances and mixtures • Organic peroxides Examples: Nitroglycerine and TNT, Gunpowder, Rocket propellants, and Pyrotechnic mixtures (fireworks).

41. Labels – Pictograms (Physical) • Extremely flammable gas • Extremely flammable aerosol • Self-Heating • Flammable aerosol • Extremely flammable liquid and vapor • Highly flammable liquid and vapor • Flammable liquid and vapor • Flammable solid Examples: Butane, Pyrophorics, Organic Peroxides Flame symbol will appear on chemicals that are flammable. Depending on the properties of the chemical(s) and the product, the flame can mean:

42. Labels – Pictograms (Physical) Flame over circle symbol will appear on chemicals that are: • Oxidizers • Oxidizing gases, liquids, and solids Examples: Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitrous Oxide

43. Labels – Pictograms (Environment) Environment symbol will appear on chemicals which are acutely hazardous to fish, crustacean, or aquatic plants. This is the only symbol that is not mandatory. • Aquatic Toxicity • Acute hazards to the aquatic environment • Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment

44. Label – Signal Word A Signal Word is used to indicate the relative level of severity of hazard and alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label. The signal words used are: • "Danger" - used for the more severe hazards • “Warning" - used for less severe hazards.

45. Labels- Hazard Statement A Hazard Statement describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including where appropriate the degree of hazard. All of the applicable hazard statements must appear on the label.

46. Labels – Precautionary Statement A Precautionary Statement is a statement that describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects.

47. Label – What do UNC Employees need to do? Effective June 1 2015, all chemicals received at the University should have the required label. Any material transferred to another container must also have the same label versus just chemical/product name.

48. Safety Data Sheets HazCom 2012 requires Safety Data Sheets - SDS (formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets – MSDS) to use a specified 16-section standardized format. Under the new format, employees wanting information regarding Exposure Controls/Personal Protection will always refer to Section 8 of the Safety Data Sheets.

49. Safety Data Sheets To improve employee understanding, information listed on the label, like Precautionary Statement, will be same information the employee will find on the Safety Data Sheet. The standardize 16 sections is broken down as follows:

50. Safety Data Sheet – 16 Sections • Identification of the substanceor mixture and of the supplier • Hazards identification • Composition/information on ingredients Substance/Mixture • First aid measures • Firefighting measures • Accidental release measures • Handling and storage • Exposure controls/personal protection • Physical and chemical properties • Stability and reactivity • Toxicological • Ecological information(non mandatory) • Disposal considerations(non mandatory) • Transport information(non mandatory) • Regulatory information(non mandatory) • Other information including information on preparation and revision of the SDS