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Living for God in a Pagan Culture. Daniel. ursprache. ursprache. “A parent language, especially one reconstructed from the evidence of later languages” - Webster’s. Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin. Divine Graffiti (Daniel 5) October 12, 539 B.C. Daniel 5.
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ursprache “A parent language, especially one reconstructed from the evidence of later languages” - Webster’s
Daniel 5 I. A Night of Revelry (vv. 1-4) II. A Night of Revelation (vv. 5-29) III. A Night of Retribution (vv. 30-31)
I. A Night of Revelry(vv. 1-4) A. “King Balshazzar”?
I. A Night of Revelry(vv. 1-4) A. “King Balshazzar”? Nebuchadnezzar Evil-Merodach (Neb’s only son) Neriglissar (married Neb’s daughter) Laborosoarchad (Neriglissar’s son) Nabonidus (married Neb’s daughter)
The Problem of Belshazzar Problem: Daniel 5 speaks of Belshazzar as “king” of Babylon. Ancient historians did not mention him, but identified Nabonidus as the last king of Babylonia before the Persians, under Cyrus, conquered it. Thus critics alleged errant history in our Holy Scripture.
Nabonidus Cylinder • Discovered in 1854 by J. G. Taylor (Iraq) • Its cuneiform writing records Nabonidus’s reconstruction of pagan temples at Sippar (Babylon) • Contains a prayer of Nabonidus for long life and good health for himself and for “Bel-shar-usur, my first-born son.”
Nabonidus Chronicle • Discovered in 1881 in southern Iraq • Cuneiform tablet; part of series recording the key events of Nabonidus’ reign (556 – 530s B.C.) • Explains that Nabonidus spent 10 years of his reign in Teima (northern Arabia) and left “Akkad” (Babylonia) to be administered by his son, Bel-shar-usur (Belshazzar).
• Both the cylinder and the chronicle support the coregency of Belshazzar while Nabonidus is in Teima • Since the time of Hammurabi it had been customary to swear by the name of the reigning king. However, from discovered documents we often see a unique oath that mentions both Nabonidus and his son Belshazzar, strongly suggesting coregency.
Solution: Belshazzar was indeed the acting king over Babylonia during his father’s years in Arabia. The Bible is proven more historically accurate than other ancient historians. This also explains why Daniel was made “third in the kingdom.” (Daniel 5:29)
If only they had read … "Now I have given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, My servant, and I have given him also the wild animals of the field to serve him. All the nations shall serve him and his son and his grandson until the time of his own land comes; then many nations and great kings will make him their servant.” (Jer. 27:6-7)
Life Lesson: Don’t question the accuracy of God’s Word. It will be proven true. “So we have the prophetic word made more sure, to which you do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star arises in your hearts.”(2 Peter 1:19)
I. A Night of Revelry(vv. 1-4) A. “King Balshazzar”? B. Why a banquet? (v. 1) Show of power (Xerxes in Esther) Build confidence in his military leaders Going-out party Routine banquet with no knowledge of imminent defeat
I. A Night of Revelry(vv. 1-4) A. “King Balshazzar”? B. Why a banquet? C. Belshazzar’s Blasphemy (vv. 2-4) toasting idols with the vessels of God’s worship Today, God’s name, Son, Word, and bride are denigrated and blasphemed. The handwriting of God’s judgment is on the pages of Scripture.
II. A Night of Revelation(vv. 5-29) A. Divine Graffiti (vv. 5-6)
II. A Night of Revelation(vv. 5-29) A. Divine Graffiti (vv. 5-6) • Inability of lost people to understand the things of God (vv. 7-9) perhaps scripta continua:mn׳tqlprs
II. A Night of Revelation(vv. 5-29) A. Divine Graffiti (vv. 5-6) • Inability of lost people to understand the things of God (vv. 7-9) • Looking to the man of God (vv. 10-16)
II. A Night of Revelation(vv. 5-29) A. Divine Graffiti (vv. 5-6) • Inability of lost people to understand the things of God (vv. 7-9) • Looking to the man of God (vv. 10-16) Life Lesson: Never underestimate the value of a godly life. You may not be on their invite list, but if you are living a wise, righteous and winsome life, then in due time they will come to you.
II. A Night of Revelation(vv. 5-29) • Daniel’s Interpretation (vv. 17-28) 1. Review (17-21) 2. Rebuke (22-24) 3. Revelation (25-28)
Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin As nouns, they are units of money: “mina, mina, shekel and a half” Daniel takes these nouns as verbs: m-n-h is “numbered” t-q-l is “weighed” p-r-s is “divided”
God is sovereign in … Mene – numbered; … the length of our days Tekel– weighed; … the assessment of our days Upharsin– divided; … recompensing our days
II. A Night of Revelation(vv. 5-29) A. Divine Graffiti (vv. 5-6) • Inability of lost people to understand the things of God (vv. 7-9) • Looking to the man of God (vv. 10-16) • Daniel’s Interpretation (vv. 17-28) • Daniel’s Reward (v. 29) – purple, gold, third
III. A Night of Retribution(vv. 30-31) A. The Suddenness of It – “that very night” from wine & women … to wrath & woe from dancing … to destruction from frivolity … to a funeral from blasphemy … to burial
III. A Night of Retribution(vv. 30-31) A. The Suddenness of It B. The Success of It
III. A Night of Retribution(vv. 30-31) • The Suddenness of It • The Success of It C. The Sadness of It “your father” (v. 18)… “but you his son” (v. 22) Life Principle: Make certain your children learn the lessons you have learned in life.
The Impact of Daniel • A reputation for spiritual understanding • Separation from the defilement of a culture • Truth and Grace in engaging the world