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ENGL 6750/7750 Film Studies. National Cinemas Australia China Denmark England France Germany. Film Studies: National Cinemas. Always problematic The example of East Germany The example of South Africa (under Apartheid) Decolonization Third Cinema
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ENGL 6750/7750 Film Studies National Cinemas Australia China Denmark England France Germany
Film Studies: National Cinemas • Always problematic • The example of East Germany • The example of South Africa (under Apartheid) • Decolonization • Third Cinema • Imported filmmakers—Chaplin, Hitchcock, Ang Lee • And the Transnational: Bollywood, Kung Fu Films, American films • The Hollywood/World Cinema dichotomy • American film’s borrowing (Kill Bill) • National status through setting, story (setting ≠ on location): the examples of Scotland and Africa • Multi-nation partnership: Advance Party • Not identifying with the nation: Québécois • National cinemas and awards, film festivals
Film Studies: National Cinemas Australian Cinema xxxxx
Film Studies: National Cinemas • Australian Cinema • Did not begin in the 1970s • British-backed • Australia as a setting • Aborigines—Rabbit Proof Fence (Philip Noyce, 2002) • Six Landmarks: • Walkabout (1971) • Picnic at Hanging Rock (1975) • Crocodile Dundee (Peter Faiman, 1986) • Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (Stephan Elliott, 1994) • Muriel’s Wedding (P. J. Hogan, 1994) • Wolf Creek (Greg McLean, 2005)
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Gillian Armstrong (1950- ) My Brilliant Career Starstruck Mrs. Soffel High Tide Fires Within Oscar and Lucinda
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Bruce Beresford (1940- ) The Getting of Wisdom Breaker Morant Tender Mercies Crimes of the Heart The Fringe Dwellers Driving Miss Daisy
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Baz Luhrman (1962- ) Strictly Ballroom Romeo + Juliet Moulin Rouge! Australia
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Jane Campion (1954- ) Sweetie The Piano Portrait of a Lady In the Cut
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia George Miller (1945- ) Mad Max The Road Warrior Mad Max: Beyond Thunderdome The Witches of Eastwick Lorenzo’s Oil Babe Babe: Pig in the City Happy Feet Happy Feet 2
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Philip Noyce (1950- ) Dead Calm Patriot Games Clear and Present Danger The Saint The Bone Collector Rabbit-Proof Fence The Quiet American Salt
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Alex Proyas (1963- ) The Crow Dark City I, Robot Knowing Dracula-Year Zero
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Fred Schepisi (1939- ) The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith Barbarosa Plenty Roxanne A Cry in the Dark Six Degrees of Separation Fierce Creatures
Film Studies: National Cinemas--Australia Peter Weir (1944- ) Picnic at Hanging Rock The Last Wave Gallipoli The Year of Living Dangerously Witness The Mosquito Coast Dead Poets Society The Truman Show Master and Commander
Film Studies: National Cinemas • British Cinema • The problem of the US • Protectionism • Ealing Studios Comedy (compare to Capra) • Hammer Horror • Social Realism: Angry Young Men, Kitchen Sink, Free Cinema • Lean, Merchant/Ivory, James Bond
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Lindsay Anderson (1923-1994) This Sporting Life If O Lucky Man!
Free Cinema • Documentary film movement originating in England, 1956-1959 • Spawned by the journal Sequence. • Founders: Lindsay Anderson, Karel Reisz, Tony Richardson, Anderson’s motto: "No Film Can Be Too Personal.” • Governing principles: • Freedom of propaganda • Obliviousness to box office appeal. • Embrace of the filmmaker’s freedom • Ordinary people and everydayness—the primary focus • “The image speaks. Sound amplifies and comments.” • “Size is irrelevant.” • “Perfection is not an aim.” • “An attitude means a style. A style means an attitude.”
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Danny Boyle (1956- ) Trainspotting 28 Days Later The Beach Sunshine Slumdog Millionaire
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England John Boorman (1933- ) Point Blank Deliverance Zardoz Exorcist II Excalibur Hope and Glory Beyond Rangoon The General The Tailor of Panama The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Terence Davies (1945- ) Distant Voices, Still Lives The Long Day Closes House of Mirth Of Time and the City
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Derek Jarman (1942-1994) Sebastiane Jubilee The Tempest Caraveggio The Last of England War Requiem Edward II Wittgenstein
Film Studies: National Cinemas—Scotland Bill Forsyth (1946- ) That Sinking Feeling Gregory’s Girl Local Hero Comfort and Joy Housekeeping Being Human
Film Studies: National Cinemas—Ireland Neil Jordan (1950- ) The Company of Wolves Mona Lisa The Crying Game Interview with a Vampire Michael Collins In Dreams The Good Thief The Butcher Boy The Brave One
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England David Lean (1908-1991) Lawrence of Arabia Doctor Zhivago Bridge Over the River Kwai A Passage to India
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Mike Leigh (1943- ) High Hopes Life is Sweet Naked Secrets and Lies Career Girls Topsy-Turvy Vera Drake Happy-Go-Lucky
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Ken Loach (1936- ) Cathy Come Home Kes Hidden Agenda Bread and Roses My Name is Joe The Wind That Shakes the Barley
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Merchant/Ivory Ismail Merchant (1936-2005) James Ivory (1928-) Shakespeare Wallah The Europeans The Bostonians A Room with a View Howards End The Remains of the Day The Golden Bowl
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Sally Potter (1949- ) Thriller London Story Orlando The Tango Lesson The Men Who Cried Yes Rage
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Carol Reed (1906-1976) The Third Man Our Man in Havana The Agony and the Ecstasy Oliver!
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Tony Richardson (1928-1991) Look Back in Anger A Taste of Honey The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner Tom Jones Ned Kelly The Hotel New Hampshire
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Guy Ritchie (1968- ) Lock, Stock, and Two Smoking Barrels Snatch Swept Away RocknRolla Sherlock Holmes
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Nicholas Roeg (1928- ) Walkabout Performance The Man Who Fell to Earth Don’t Look Now Track 29 Witches
Film Studies: National Cinemas—England Ken Russell (1928- ) Women in Love Liztomania Tommy Altered States Savage Messiah The Music Lovers The Devils Mahler Valentino Gothic Rainbow
Film Studies: National Cinemas • Chinese Cinema • China, Film, and the West—In the new cities: Hong Kong, Shanghai (see next slide) • Banning Kung Fu to Hong Kong • Social Realism (before 1949)/The Operatic/Chinese Folklore • Maoist Realism: Shanghai Steel Factory Increases Productivity by 25% • A Movie Date in Shanghai in 1980 (see next slide) • New Waves everywhere • The Cultural Revolution • Fifth and Sixth Generations • Opening Up to the West • Judging a Documentary Competition: • http://thelaverytory.blogspot.com/2006/11/remarks-in-china.html
Film Studies: National Cinemas My Students, East China Normal University Shanghai, 1981
Film Studies: National Cinemas Shanghai Then and Now (1990, 2010)
Film Studies: National Cinemas—China/Hong Kong/Taiwan Zhang Yimou (1950- ) Red Sorghum Ju Dou Raise the Red Lantern Shanghai Triad Hero House of Flying Daggers A Woman, a Gun, and a Noodle Shop
ENGL 6750/7750 Film Studies Hollywood Cinema and Beyond
ENGL 6750/7750 Film Studies Hollywood Cinema and Beyond
Film Studies: National Cinemas—China/Hong Kong/Taiwan Ang Lee (1954- ) The Wedding Bouquet Eat Drink Man Woman Sense and Sensibility The Ice Storm Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon Hulk Brokeback Mountain Taking Woodstock Life of Pi
Film Studies: National Cinemas Danish Cinema Dogme 95
Film Studies: National Cinemas: Danish Cinema “Dogme 95 is an avant-garde filmmaking movement started in 1995 by the Danish directors Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg, who created the "Dogme 95 Manifesto" and the "Vow of Chastity". These were rules to create filmmaking based on the traditional values of story, acting and theme, and excluding the use of elaborate special effects or technology.[1] They were later joined by fellow Danish directors Kristian Levring and Søren Kragh-Jacobsen, forming the Dogme 95 Collective or the Dogme Brethren. Dogme is the Danish word for dogma. The genre gained international appeal partly because of its accessibility. It sparked an interest in unknown filmmakers by suggesting that one can make a recognised film without being dependent on commissions or huge Hollywood budgets, depending on European government subsidies and television stations instead. The movement has been criticised for being a disguised attempt to gain media attention. Dogme was initiated to cause a stir and to make filmmakers and audiences re-think the art, effect and essence of filmmaking.”—from Wikipedia
Film Studies: National Cinemas—Denmark Lars von Trier (1956- ) Breaking the Waves Dancer in the Dark Dogville Manderley Antichrist Dr. Linda Badley’s book—Lars von Trier--is forthcomingfrom U Illinois P
Film Studies: National Cinemas French Cinema Early prominence. Beneficiary of Hollywood emergence. Rene Clair, Marcel Carne, Jean Vigo, Jean Renoir Poetic Realism The New Wave (see the next slides) New French Cinema New French Extremism: French Horror
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France Nouvelle vague/New Wave Resnais | Camus | Rohmer | Godard | Malle | Truffaut
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France • New Wave • The impact of Alexandre Astruc: cinema as “the art of the age”; “camera-stylo” [camera-pen] • André Bazin’s influence [Cahiers du Cinema] • The break with literature • Location shooting • New approach to acting • Independence from studios • The centrality of the director (birth of the “auteur theory”)
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France Alice Guy (1873-1968)
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France Luc Besson (1959- ) Nikita Leon (The Professional) The Fifth Element The Messenger Distrinct B13 Arthur and the Invisibles
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France Marcel Carne (1906-1996) Les Enfants du paradis
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France René Clair (1906-1996) Entr’acte Un chapeau de paille d’Italie A nous la liberte
Film Studies: National Cinemas—France Robert Bresson (1901-1999) Diary of a Country Priest Trial of Joan of Arc