1 / 21

NHDR Strategic Planning meeting

NHDR Strategic Planning meeting. Istanbul November 2011. IAU Structure. DSRSG/RC/HC Inter-Agency Steering Committee. Head of IAU. Analysis. Database and Information Management. GIS. IAU Capacities. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS. DATABASE DEVELOPMENT & INFORMATION MANAGEMENT.

rasha
Download Presentation

NHDR Strategic Planning meeting

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. NHDR Strategic Planning meeting Istanbul November 2011

  2. IAU Structure DSRSG/RC/HC Inter-Agency Steering Committee Head of IAU Analysis Database and Information Management GIS

  3. IAU Capacities GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS DATABASE DEVELOPMENT & INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS ECONOMY HUMANITARIAN ENVIRONMENT GOVERNANCE

  4. Products and Services Joint analytical reports Technical and coordination support to UNAMI/UNCT Data base development and web design Integrated into UNDAF programming GoI capacity building User-friendly, visual products website factsheets maps

  5. Iraq Knowledge Network Survey 2011 • Main tool in a wider Socio-Economic Monitoring System for Iraq • 30,000 households representative at the district level • Data can be disaggregated by gender, age and urban/rural down to the district level • Fixed core and two rotating modules: • Labour force and essential services • Food and expenditures • Governance • Inter-agency process: • Steering Committee of CSO, KRSO, DSRSG, UN agencies and IAU • Designed and implemented jointly by CSO, KRSO and UN agencies • Technical support and quality control from UNFPA and IAU

  6. Iraq’s single sector economy • Oil sector revived due to IOC contracts, high oil price & boosted production 5.0 (projected) 2.9 • Oil dominates economy and makes up 99% of exports 2.3 Production (mbpd) • Appreciation of IQD hinders non-oil exports & growth Dec. 2010 2009 2016/2017

  7. State control over oil revenues • Oil revenue relaxes budget constraint on government spending • Iraqi state dominant compared to similar resource-rich countries 100% 80% 2009 Government Expenditure (% of GDP) 60% 40% 20% 0% Syria Bolivia Egypt Iran Iraq

  8. State control over oil revenues • High revenues increase state labour demand, competing with private sector, making labour more costly 2011 Government budget Investment expenditure 31% Employees‘ compensation 35% Other operational expenditures 34%

  9. Youth employment • Youth have more than double average unemployment rate (23%) • High underemployment rate of 17% • Private sector is the main employer Labour force 48% 42% 32% 23% 17% 14% 13% 11% Public Private Underemployed Unemployed 15-24 National all ages

  10. Men and women’s wages • Men’s average daily wage is higher than women’s • Women in public sector earn less than underemployed men Average Daily Wage (US$) $25 $20.2 $20 $16.3 $15.4 $14.7 $14.6 $14.4 $13.9 $15 $8.9 $10 $5 Public Private Underemployed All sectors Male Female

  11. Young women’slabour force participation Outside the labour force • Young women’s labour force participation lower than among young men • Unemployment (38%) much higher among young women than men (20%) 100% 80% 60% 91% 40% 56% 48% 20% Male youth (!5-24) Female Population Youth (15-24) aged 15+

  12. Youth lack incentive to invest in education • Unemployment higher than among less educated youth • Wages similar to/less than lower education levels Unemployment and wages by education level (aged 15-29 years) 35% $25 30% $20 25% $15 20% 15% $10 10% $5 5% Basic qualification Diploma Illiterate Read & write Preparatory Bachelor & above Unemployment rate Daily wage $

  13. Weak social contract • Lack of reliance on tax revenues (9%) reduces state accountability • Youth confidence in Government is low compared to other institutions • 27% of youth assess Gov’t performance in combating corruption as effective. Young people’s confidence in institutions 80% 65% 64% 55% 43% 18% Religious Iraq Tribal Judiciary Government UN leaders National leaders and police institutions Forces

  14. Young people are politically active • 89% (18-24 years) voted in the 2010 elections • More than 40% have participated or would participate in a demonstration

  15. Young people’s civic participation • 7% of youth volunteer in civil society work • 81% of volunteers motivated by helping the needy or building a better society • Lack of serious civil organization is primary reason for not volunteering Main reason for not volunteering 37% 27% 15% 11% Don't care Don't believe No serious Other reasons civil work civil org. near changes anything

  16. Youth poverty measurement

  17. Measuring deprivation: options • Poverty Measures includes two broad categories; Monetary-only measures such as Per Capita Expenditure/Cost of Basic Needs (PCE/CBN), and Multidimensional Poverty Measures including both the Unsatisfied Basic Needs (UBN) and Alkire-Foster (AF) methods. - Monetary measures alone do not capture poverty in Iraq. • A consensus between the GoI, UN, and the WB that monetary measures alone do not capture poverty in Iraq; in monetary terms there is very little variance across economic strata and the difference between rich and poor is very shallow, yet in non-monetary measures, in health, access to services, in many facets of living conditions, there are considerable disparities across districts, governorates and rural/urban areas in how Iraqis live. - Monetary measures fails to capture important dimensions of deprivations such as child labor; a non-poor household may be receiving the extra income to achieve the “just over the line” expenditure through the work of the child. - Monetary Measures have less explanatory power given the multidimensional nature of deprivation as well as where there are market failures or where services are distributed freely albeit inefficiently, both features are relevant in context of Iraq. • Monetary • E.g. per capita expenditure, cost of basic needs • Does not adequately capture disparities in standards of living • Does not consider negative factors such as child labour’s contribution to HH income • Has less explanatory power • Multi-dimensional • E.g. Unsatisfied basic needs (UBN), multi-dimensional poverty index (MPI) • Captures disparities in standards of living across many sectors • Can be adapted to context

  18. Measuring deprivation: multi-dimensional • UBN and MPI: • Select dimensions for measurement (eg services, education, health, etc.) • Select indicators • Weight the indicators and assign cut-off points • Aggregate the indicators for each dimension and construct the index • MPI advantages: • Analysis of whether good performance in one indicator masks poor performance in another • Can be disaggregated to identify population groups that have severe compound deprivations

  19. Measuring deprivation: comparison of results • Unpublished training exercise with CSO to test approaches • Multi-dimensional approaches likely to give different deprivation rates • Some wide differences at governorate level (eg. Missan, Erbil)

  20. Measuring deprivation: comparison of results • Poor in one model but not the other? • 9% are not poor according to expenditure but suffer from deprivation in other aspects captured by MPI • 4% suffer from expenditure poverty but are not poor according to MPI The same analysis for Missanshows wider disparity: Different poverty measures must be analysed jointly At request of CSO and UNDP, IAU and OPHI will support CSO and KRSO to develop MPI for Iraq

  21. www.iauiraq.org

More Related