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2008 Aerosol Update Goddard Space Flight Center Peter Colarco, Code 613.3

2008 Aerosol Update Goddard Space Flight Center Peter Colarco, Code 613.3 Robert Levy, SSAI/Code 613.2 Santiago Gassó, GEST/Code 613.2 Ellsworth Welton, Code 613.1 Tom Eck, GEST/Code 614.4. Update Agenda. Purpose What is Aerocenter? What have we been up to?

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2008 Aerosol Update Goddard Space Flight Center Peter Colarco, Code 613.3

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  1. 2008 Aerosol Update Goddard Space Flight Center Peter Colarco, Code 613.3 Robert Levy, SSAI/Code 613.2 Santiago Gassó, GEST/Code 613.2 Ellsworth Welton, Code 613.1 Tom Eck, GEST/Code 614.4

  2. Update Agenda Purpose What is Aerocenter? What have we been up to? What do we think about the future? Context Synthesis talks around four science questions • How is the atmospheric aerosol changing on global and Ralph Kahn regional scales? • How do aerosols affect storms and the hydrologic cycle? William Lau • How do aerosols and clouds affect the polar climate? Dorothy Koch • How do aerosols affect air quality, the human environment, Mian Chin and natural ecosystems? Wrap-Up Where do we go from here? • Summary Robert Levy • Additional Aerosol/Cloud/Ecosystem (ACE) Concept Studies Mark Schoeberl

  3. History of Aerocenter • Yoram Kaufman proposed the idea for Aerocenter as a Center of Excellence for Aerosol Research in an unsolicited proposal to NASA HQ in August 2000 • data center for distributing data and tools • organize the people already here in a cross-disciplinary way • visitor’s program to provide constant new people and ideas to Goddard • Coincided with Franco Einaudi’s cross-cutting themes for Earth Sciences Division • Seminar series began in 2001 • Visitor program funded for 2002 • First Aerosol Update in 2003 • Web site: http://aerocenter.gsfc.nasa.gov • Email list: 170 subscribers ⅓ NASA, ⅓ GEST, ⅓ other • Bi-weekly seminar series, paper discussions

  4. Aerosol Levers on Climate System Aerosols IPCC AR4 Working Group, 2007

  5. Aerosol Compositional Challenge Species: Sulfate - SU Nitrate - NO3 Ammonium - NH4 Water - H2O Black carbon - BC Organic carbon- OC Dust - DU Sea Salt - SS nucleation condensation coagulation coagulation DU SS SU NO3 H2O BC OC SU NO3 NH4 H2O BC OC SU NH4 NO3 H2O DU SS Nucleation mode Coarse modes Accumulation modes 0.01 mm 0.1 mm 1 mm 10 mm Particle radius Bauer et al, submitted to Atmos. Chem Phys. 2008: The Multiconfiguration Aerosol TRacker of mIXing state MATRIX, an aerosol microphysical module for global atmospheric models

  6. Aerosol Models • Fill in temporal and spatial gaps in our observations (assimilation) • Inform selection of measurement strageties (OSSEs) • Short-term chemical weather forecasting (mission support) • Prediction of future climate Collaboration of NASA GSFC Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch and Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) Quick-look forecasts products available at a web site: http://hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov/People/Colarco/Mission_Support

  7. Models Need Data Evaluate models Say something about climate Huisheng Bian, GEST-UMBC/NASA GSFC Code 613.3

  8. Synergy of Models and Data FRP(MW) 1660 1383 1106 830 553 276 0 Terra-MODIS measurement of Fire Radiative Power (FRP) on 26-Oct-2003. Smoke emissions proportional to fire radiative power C. Ichoku, L. Giglio, M. J. Wooster, and L. A. Remer, Global characterization of biomass-burning patterns using satellite measurements of Fire Radiative Energy. Remote Sens. Environ., (In Press), 2008.

  9. Cloud Albedo Effect Volcanic “ship tracks” – a natural laboratory for studying the indirect effect Gassó, S. (2008), "Satellite observations of the impact of weak volcanic activity on marine clouds" , J. Geophys. Res., 113, 27, doi:10.1029/2007JD009106. (In Press, Kaufman Special Issue)

  10. Cloud Susceptibility Cloud Effective Radius 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 MODIS Terra Susceptibility October 2005 0.2 0 Cloud albedo response to changes in cloud microphysics Susceptibility is correlated with larger cloud droplet effective radius Global TOA flux change for N=1cm-3, LWC=0.3 gm-3 Susceptibility/cloud fraction relations are important! Platnick, S. and L. Oreopoulos, 2008: The radiative susceptibility of cloudy atmospheres to droplet number perturbations, Part I: Theoretical analysis and examples from MODIS. J. Geophys. Res. ( in revision for Kaufman special issue). Oreopoulos, L. and S. Platnick, 2008: The radiative susceptibility of cloudy atmospheres to droplet number perturbations, Part II: Global analysis from MODIS. J. Geophys. Res. (in revision for Kaufman special issue).

  11. Aerosols and Clouds J.V. Martins, Department of Physics – UMBC/ NASA GSFC Code 613.2 Alexander Marshak, Robert Cahalan, NASA GSFC Code 613.2

  12. Aerosol Composition Hygroscopic Growth in Amazonian Smoke J.S. Schafer, Eck T.F., Holben B.N., Artaxo P.,Duarte A.F., Characterization of the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols in Amazônia from long-term AERONET monitoring [1993-95;1999-2006], J. Geophys. Res., 2007JD009319, in Press.

  13. Aerosol Composition: Aerosol Absorption in Desert Dust Eck, T.F., B. N. Holben, J. S. Reid, A. Sinyuk, O. Dubovik, A. Smirnov, D. Giles, O’Neill, N.T., S.-C. Tsay, Q. Ji, A. Al Mandoos, M. Ramzan Khan, E. A. Reid, J. S. Schafer, M. Sorokine, W. Newcomb, and I. Slutsker. Spatial and Temporal Variability of Column Integrated Aerosol Optical Properties in the Southern Arabian Gulf and United Arab Emirates in Summer, In Press, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres.

  14. Combining Data Sources D12 Atmospheric correction to retrieve surface Surface reflectance to retrieve atmosphere Sinyuk, A., O. Dubovik, B. Holben, T.F. Eck, F-M Breon, J. Martonchik, R. Kahn, D. J. Diner, E. F. Vermote, J-C Roger, T. Lapyonok, and I. Slutsker, Simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and surface properties from a combination of AERONET and satellite, Rem. Sens. of Env., 107, 2007, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2006.07.022.

  15. Joint retrieval of lidar and sun photometer Aerosol size distribution measured by lidar at three altitudes NOAA Airborne Aerosol Observatory Joint Lidar/AERONET Vertical Composition Information Active and Passive Aerosol Physical Property Measurements, Inverse Retrieval Studies and In-Situ Validation, Investigators: Whiteman/GSFC, Veselovskii/UMBC, Ogren/NOAA, Andrews/CIRES, Collaborators: Sinyuk/SSAI, Dubovik/CNRS, Holben/GSFC, Ferrare/LaRC, Hostetler/LaRC, Müller/IfTP, GermanyRecently funded by NASA Radiation Sciences Program AERONET gives you total columnar information. Lidar gives you the vertical information Raman Lidar Lab B33/F421B Validation campaigns with NOAA AAO, 2009 and 2010

  16. Aerosol Composition: Enhanced UV Aerosol Absorption Black Carbon: TAU_ABS ~ -1 Shadowband Shadowband TAU_ABS  as SSA  • Measurements reveal • aerosol absorption differences between VIS and UV • aerosol is more absorbing than black carbon Nick Krotkov et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., manuscript in preparation Nick Krotkov et al., Aerosol ultraviolet absorption experiment (2002 to 2004) , part 2: absorption optical thickness, refractive index, and single scatter albedo, Optical Engineering, 44(4) 041005, 2005.

  17. MODIS/OMI Combination to Retrieve Aerosol Height MODIS constrains extinction OMI initial assumption of aerosol height S.K. Sateesh, India Institute of Science on sabbatical at GSFC with ORAU

  18. Summary nucleation condensation coagulation coagulation DU SS SU NO3 H2O BC OC SU NO3 NH4 H2O BC OC SU NH4 NO3 H2O DU SS Accumulation modes Nucleation mode Coarse modes 0.01 mm 0.1 mm 1 mm 10 mm Particle radius

  19. What is a Mission? • NASA has the important role of putting remote sensing capability into space • Comprehensive mission involves also • Extensive calibration and validation • Ground-based and airborne supporting measurements • Modeling • Doing science to answer our questions

  20. Hard Times Café, College Park

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