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Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry. Organic Chemistry. All about CARBON!!!! 4 electrons available and ready to bond Carbon also likes to bond with other Carbon this makes carbon chains!. Organic Chemistry. Forms strong bonds (covalent) with Oxygen (2) Hydrogen (1) Sulfur (3) Nitrogen (3)

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Organic Chemistry

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  1. Organic Chemistry

  2. Organic Chemistry • All about CARBON!!!! • 4 electrons available and ready to bond • Carbon also likes to bond with other Carbon • this makes carbon chains!

  3. Organic Chemistry • Forms strong bonds (covalent) with • Oxygen (2) • Hydrogen (1) • Sulfur (3) • Nitrogen (3) • Because Carbon is so versatile and strong it is often called a “carbon backbone” • Two or more atoms make a molecule • H2O • NaCl

  4. Organic Chemistry • Vocab: • Molecule: when two or more atoms bond • Ex: H2O & NaCl • Monomer: small groups of molecules that bond with other groups of molecules • Ex: Glucose & Fructose • Polymer: Several monomers bonded together • Ex: Starch & DNA • Macromolecule: several polymers bonded together • Ex: Carbohydrates & Lipids • Images from the following websites: • MOLECULE: (http://www.materialssciencerocks.com/hydrogen-bonding-what-holds-everything-together/ ) • Monomer(http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fmoodle.esu13.org%2Fmod%2Fassignment%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D51639&h=0&w=0&tbnid=4YNbW_nCENZSzM&zoom=1&tbnh=192&tbnw=262&docid=mwlIO-E0II8TiM&tbm=isch&ei=ecMkVLGgB5KZyATB0IDICg&ved=0CAQQsCUoAA ) • Polymer (http://pslc.ws/macrog/kidsmac/basics.htm ) • Macromolecule (http://galleryhip.com/dna-macromolecule.html )

  5. Organic Chemistry Four Main Categories • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Nucleic Acids Image from: http://www.haspi.org/curriculum-library/Med-Bio-Core-Labs/00%20NEW%20NGSS%20Med%20Bio%20Labs%20COMPLETE/07%20Teacher%20-%20Macromolecules.pdf

  6. Carbohydrates • Made of: • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Monomer: monosaccharide • Ex: Glucose & Fructose • Polymer: Polysaccharide • Ex: Starch • Functions: easy/short term energy storage • Image from: http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2010/11/misconceptions-surrounding-carbohydrates/

  7. Lipids • Made of: • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Monomer: Glycerol & Fatty Acids • Functions: long term energy storage, cell structure and cell-to-cell communication • Image from: http://chemistrypictures.org/index.php/lipids

  8. Lipids • Energy Storage • Ex: Fats & Oils • Lots of potential energy in the fatty acid tails • Long-term energy storage, but harder to break down than carbs • Image from: http://weloveteaching.com/0bio105/lectures/organics/Lipids.jpg

  9. Lipids • Nonpolar (don’t dissolve in water) • Cell Structure: • Phospholipids • Hydrophilic (water loving) head • Hydrophobic tail (water fearing) • Creates a bilayer  cell membranes!!! • Image from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Phospholipid_TvanBrussel.jpg/300px-Phospholipid_TvanBrussel.jpg

  10. Lipids • Cell-to-cell communication Steroids!! • Cholesterol • Response to stress • Ring shaped • Image from: • Cholesterol: http://elitemensguide.com/emg-health-numbers-hdl-cholesterol-and-ldl-cholesterol/ • Steroid structure https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSQ7POqWcDhvCcJ0j4QNEbSJabO-zHEqZkCcyVr5jqLHXlPrfqC

  11. Proteins • Made of: • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Nitrogen • Monomer: Amino Acids • Polymer: Proteins • Functions: Cell regulation, control rate of reaction, and helping build bone & muscle • Images from: • Structure http://amit1b.wordpress.com/the-molecules-of-life/about/ • Food: http://livehealthyosu.com/tag/caffeine/

  12. Nucleic Acids • Made of: • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen • Nitrogen • Phosphorous • Monomer: Nucleotide • Polymer: DNA & RNA!!! • Image from: http://images.tutorvista.com/cms/images/81/dna-and-rna.png

  13. Nucleic Acids • Function: Store and transmitting (passing on) genetic information! • Image from: http://www.visualphotos.com/photo/1x6057874/human_baby_dna_helix__genetic_sequences_artwork_g340052.jpg

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