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AN empire built on controversy. By: Thomas Liquori. MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE. Operate in many host countries Often conduct R&D activities MNE’s cut across national borders Often directed from a company planning center that is distant from the host country. NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY.
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AN empire built on controversy By: Thomas Liquori
MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE • Operate in many host countries • Often conduct R&D activities • MNE’s cut across national borders • Often directed from a company planning center that is distant from the host country
NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY • A controversial issue involving the conduct of MNE’s is their effect on the economic and political policies of the host and source governments • Many nations fear that the presence of MNE’s in a given country results in a loss of its national sovereignty
CHIQUITA’S COMPANY PROFILE • United Fruit Company was Founded in 1899 • Purchased of Nipe Bay in 1907 and Saetia Sugar in 1912. • Bought Samuel Zemurray's Cuyamel Fruit Company in 1930 • United Fruit purchased A&W restaurants and root beer in 1966 and Baskin-Robbins ice cream in 1967 • Eli Black, founder of AMK, bought United Fruit Company in 1970 and changed its name to United Brands. • The firm became Chiquita Brands International in 1990
MAIN INDUSTRY • Chiquita’s main industry is fresh fruits, vegetables and processed food • The company grows, procures, markets, and distributes bananas and other fresh fruits and vegetables under the premium Chiquita and other brands
BANANA CONTROVERSY • Throughout the 1900’s the term “Banana Republic” has been associated with the banana producing countries of Central and Latin America • In 1974, the company paid a $1.25 M bribe to the President of Honduras in return for an export tax reduction applied to bananas.
CHIQUITA CONTROVERSY • In 1985, Costa Rican environmentalists filed a lawsuit, on behalf of banana plantation workers • Chiquita secretly control dozens of supposedly independent banana companies • Chiquita fruit-transport ships have been used to smuggle cocaine into Europe
BLOODY BANANAS • In 2008, the New York Times described how U.S. based Chiquita reached a $25M settlement over allegations that U.S seniors in Chiquita signed over $1M in payments to death squads in Columbia
Quick Financial Points • First quarter financial report stated Chiquita made a $31.7M profit in 2008, after losing $3.7M the same period the prior year • The actual amount of bananas that people bought dropped by 1% in the U.S & 14% in Europe
Chiquita’s New Endevor • In 2008 Chiquita opens large plantations in Africa, Mozambique , and Angola, to get around the European tariff regulations • Many compare George Bush to the CEO of Chiquita Bananas by not being able to make reasonable statements