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NURSING

NURSING. THE OLDEST OF ARTS. The youngest profession. Encircles the Globe. F L O R E N C E. Nightingale. Early days at Xiangya School of Nursing. A century of excellence. Xiangya Nursing. 21 st Century: Evidence-based Practice. Use of the best available

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NURSING

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  1. NURSING THE OLDEST OF ARTS

  2. The youngest profession

  3. Encircles the Globe F L O R E N C E Nightingale

  4. Early days at Xiangya School of Nursing

  5. A century of excellence Xiangya Nursing

  6. 21st Century: Evidence-based Practice Use of the best available evidence to guide clinical decision making

  7. Where do we find the “best available” evidence? • Clinical knowledge • Opinions of respected authorities • Reports of expert committees • Guidelines for best practices • Original research

  8. Evidence Based Practice • Levels of evidence • Gold standard: Randomized controlled trials • Clinical guidelines and pathways • Discipline specific • Condition specific

  9. Implementing Evidence-Based Practice • Search for best evidence for practice problem • Use existing evidence-based guideline • Assess cost/benefit ratio of guideline • Use guideline in practice • Measure outcomes from guideline • Extend use of guideline to other practice settings

  10. Florence NightingaleHer Crimean War Work (1853-56) Scientific Compassionate • Organized investigations • Observational studies • Interventions • Evaluation Reduced mortality from 43% to 2%.

  11. Nursing Scholarship • Solving a problem, answering a clinical question • Systematic search for information • Critical evaluation • Synthesis

  12. Nursing Research A scientific process that validates and refines existing knowledge and generates new knowledge that directly and indirectly influences nursing practice. Solving a problem for a category of patients rather than for just one patient. A diligent and systematic inquiry An organized investigation

  13. Why conduct nursing research? “. . . Before one does any research in nursing practice, he must believe that nursing is important… If nursing has nothing to offer patients, why bother [to study it]?” (Diers, 1970)

  14. Research • Is answering a question for many patients instead of one • Can be transmitted, shared • Moves knowledge from individual to collective • Describes, explains, predicts • Allows us to improve practice

  15. Research contributes to practice • Describing • Explaining • Predicting • Intervening

  16. With Research, we can: • Improve care • Influence policy (with data) • Shape our profession • Make an impact

  17. Research • Strengthens your professional voice. • Allows you to be heard • Allows you to participate in shaping the health care system • Allows you to influence the environment where you deliver care

  18. The Research Cycle Pick Topic Act Focus research question Report Results Study design and sampling Analyze Data Collect Data

  19. Cognitive Effects • Research modifies our way of thinking or perception by: • improving understanding of a situation • allowing analysis of practice dynamics • expanding problem solving skills for clinical problems

  20. Intervention Research • Study of effectiveness of interventions in achieving desired outcomes in a natural setting. • Interventions: treatments, therapies, procedures, or actions implemented by the nurse to or with patients to achieve positive health outcomes

  21. Outcomes Research • Outcomes of Patient, Provider, & Health Care System • Outcomes used to develop Policy • Change Practice based on Research

  22. Knowledge Utilization The process of disseminating & using research-generated information to make an impact on or change in the existing practices in society.

  23. Time Lag Definition: The period of time between completing the research & changing practice.

  24. MOVING INTO THE 21st Century • What are the critical questions for nursing? • Who will answer them? • Nurses can build the bridge between practice and policy.

  25. Collaborations in Research Working together Answering questions Improving care

  26. It’s a small world. Nursing research is relevant around the globe.

  27. ATHENA to Ai Sheng NuoReaching around the GlobeNurses working together to help patients take lifesaving medication

  28. The community will be involved.

  29. Research teams will be multidisciplinary.

  30. 谢谢大家!

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