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Picture 1. Picture 2. Picture 3. Picture 4. Picture 5. STATES OF MATTER. Matter can be classified into groups based on the shape and volume of their moving particles SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA. SOLID - state of matter when materials have definite shape and definite volume
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STATES OF MATTER • Matter can be classified into groups based on the shape and volume of their moving particles • SOLID • LIQUID • GAS • PLASMA
SOLID - state of matter when materials have definite shape anddefinite volume • Atoms are packed tightly together • Atoms are arranged neatly, orderly • Atoms vibrate around the same location
Examples of Solids are • Ice • Frog • Cheese • Bricks • Wood • Popcicle
Liquid- state of matter when materials have definite volume andindefinite shape • Liquid takes the same shape as its container • Particles FLOW past one another easily • Atoms are close, but not tight • Atoms are randomly arranged
Examples of Liquids are • Orange Juice • Water • Soft drinks • Milk • Rubbing Alcohol • Vinegar
Gas – state of matter when materials have indefinite shape AND indefinite volume • Take shape and volume of container • Atoms spread to fit container • Atoms move rapidly, constantly • Atoms randomly arranged with large spaces between them
Examples of Gases are • Steam • Oxygen • Carbon dioxide • Smog • Tear Gas • Helium
Plasma – state of matter made up of small electrically charged particles • Found where there is high temperature and pressure • Rare to find on Earth • Ex, lightning • Used in fluorescent light bulbs and neon lights
MATTER • Kinetic Energy (KE) - energy of motion • All matter is made of millions of tiny particles • these particles are constantly moving, and have KE
Phase Change - reversible physical change from one state to another • heat energy is absorbed or released
When energy is added, particles move faster! When energy is taken away, particles move slower! Add or Subtract Energy. . .
Red = heating Blue = cooling Blahblah blahblahbhla
Melting – changing from solid to liquid • When a solid gains heat • Temperature and energy INCREASE
Freezing –changing from liquid to solid • When a liquid loses heat • Baked cookies are actually FROZEN because they are solid. • Freezing does not always mean COLD. • Freezing point and melting point are the same
Evaporation –changing from a liquid to a gas • Temperature is below boiling point • Water VAPOR or STEAM = gas • More area = faster evaporation
Boiling – when vapor pressure is the same as atmospheric pressure and bubbling occurs • Vapor pressure - pressure created by moving gas particles bumping into each other or the container • Atmospheric pressure – pressure outside the container
Condensation –change from gas to liquid • Water vapor particles hit a cool surface, lose heat, and change into water • Sublimation-change from solid to gas • NO LIQUID IN BETWEEN • Dry ice