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Stephanofilaria habronema Transmitted by Houseflies Stable flies Infect wounds Cause Excessive granulation Proud flesh Summer sores. Onchocerca Transmitted by Mosquitoes Gnats Cause Skin reactions Face Neck Chest Horse underline. Digestive System. Arthropods Bots
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Stephanofilaria habronema • Transmitted by • Houseflies • Stable flies • Infect wounds • Cause • Excessive granulation • Proud flesh • Summer sores
Onchocerca • Transmitted by • Mosquitoes • Gnats • Cause • Skin reactions • Face • Neck • Chest • Horse underline
Digestive System • Arthropods • Bots • Larval stages of botflies • Develop in stomach • Affect horses • Symptoms • Colic
Helminths • Worms • May cause infection or disease or both • Clinical or sub-clinical • Affect health status • Clinical • Obvious symptoms • Anemia • Diarrhea • Emaciation • Sub-clinical • No symptoms
Life span • 1-12 months • Animal resistance • Direct life cycle • Eggs • Larvae • Adults • Indirect life cycle • Intermediate host
Nematodes • Roundworms • Large numbers • Nutritional disturbance • Damage • Stomach lining • Intestine • Blood loss • Hemorrhages • Migrating • Arteries • Liver • Lungs • Digestive inefficiency
Examples • Trichostrohgyles (hairworms) • Stomach and intestines of ruminants • Strongyles (bloodworms) • Large intestine of horses • Hookworms • Small intestine dogs and cats • Large roundworms • Small intestine of pigs, dogs, cats, horses and poultry • Whipworms • Large intestine dogs and pigs
Bloodworm Infestation of Cow
Symptoms • Emaciation • Rough hair coat • Diarrhea • Pale mucous membranes • Diagnosis • Fecal floatation • Eggs
Transmission • Ingestion • Larvae • Hairworms • Strongyles • Hookworms • Eggs • Large roundworms • Whipworms • Direct contact • Skin • Hookworms • In-utero • Hookworms • Large roundworms
Tapeworms • Small intestine • Species • Dogs • Cats • Ruminants • Horses • Diagnosis • Gravid segments in • Feces • Anus
Transmission • Oral • Infected fleas • Dogs and cats • Infected soil mites • Ruminants and horses Tapeworms
Flukes • Liver flukes • Intermediate host • Snails • Transmission • Oral • Larvae encyst on grasses • Cattle graze grass • Symptoms • Acute liver disease (young animals) • Chronic liver disease (older animals) • Malnutrition • Diagnosis • Fecal float • Observation • Flukes • Liver damage Flukes
Protozoa • One-celled parasites • Intestine • Common • Carriers • Disease • Young susceptible animals • Poor diets • Examples • Coccidiosis • Calves, dogs, cats, poultry • Trichomoniasis • Dogs • Giardiasis • Dogs • Hexamitiasis • Poultry • Symptoms • Enteritis or colitis • Diarrhea • With or without blood and mucous
Circulatory System • Heartworms • Nematode • Climatic • High rainfall • High humidity • Large mosquito population • Disease • Large amounts of worms affect blood flow
Symptoms • Exhaustion • Weakness • Rapid breathing • Coughing • Ascites • Swollen abdomen • Diagnosis • Blood smear • Snap test
Reproductive System • Protozoa • Genital • Example • Bovine trich • Transmission • Veneral • Diagnosis • Smears