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Learn about the total cost approach for waste management, understand all costs involved, and save money for the community. Discover the cost breakdown for kerbside collection, landfill expenses, and rural landfill analysis.
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Local Government Waste Summit 2006 Total Cost Approach for Waste Management Christine Wardle 10 February 2006
Why total cost approach • Understand all costs arising from undertaking activity • Reflect economic value invested by community • Apply ‘user pays’ approach to investment • Incorporate financial incentives for waste avoidance • Provide funding flexibility to meet changing circumstances • Can save the community money through reduced costs
Total kerbside collection costs • Replacement bins, vehicles • Maintenance & repairs • Marketing costs • MRF/depot - land, approvals, D&C • Plant & equipment • Material handling, specifications • Risk management, insurances • Site management plan • Public place recycling infrastructure • Disposal fees • Emergency arrangements • Contaminant disposal costs • Baseline investigations, audits • Tender costs • Administration costs • Legal, contract costs • OH&S, training, PPE • Fuel, utilities • Receptacles • Collection vehicles • Greenhouse gas emissions • Education & advertising • Data management • Road use, community amenity costs
Total landfill costs • Land acquisition • Planning & design • Approvals • Infrastructure (& supplementary) • On-going cell development • Operation & management • Administration • Financing cost • Reporting • Off-site contamination & pollution • Greenhouse gas emissions • Loss of productive use of land • Loss of community amenity • Site rehabilitation • Infrastructure removal • Post-closure monitoring/management • Replacement site
Rural landfill cost analysis • LGA + EPA, Office of Local Govt, Zero Waste SA • 6 rural landfills (S, M, L) (B-, B+) • Council, EPA co-operation • Site inspections, licences, Council data • 4 cost models • current costs, licence compliance costs, EPA cost model, draft revised landfill guidelines
Methodology issues • Accrual accounting or cash accounting • Depreciation – rate, discounted • Present value / future value calculations • Interest rates • Amortisation period • Obsolescence (landfill lifespan) • Contractual arrangements
Costing issues….. • Define inputs & assumptions • Total costs, net costs & unit rates • Units - tonnes or cubic metres • Accuracy of data • estimate / measure, loose / compacted volumes • recycled / deposited in landfill • landfill airspace, lifespan • cover, compaction rate
…..more costing issues • Contractual arrangements • commercial / community • scope • Site-specific factors • hydrogeological conditions • local materials • Council / commercial services • Future liability
Project findings • Small sample size • Large unit cost of operating small landfills • Little recovery of costs • No large costs to comply with licence • Biggest impact of guideline implementation on medium- sized landfills