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Study Skills

Study Skills. How memory works …. I Just Can’t Revise!. Is this how revision affects you? “I revise and a few days later I forget!” “I have to revise everything again!” “and again …!”. Don’t Worry!. This is normal!! Your short term memory does forget things

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Study Skills

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  1. Study Skills How memory works …

  2. I Just Can’t Revise! • Is this how revision affects you? • “I revise and a few days later I forget!” • “I have to revise everything again!” • “and again …!”

  3. Don’t Worry! • This is normal!! • Your short term memory does forget things • That’s why it’s called “short term” • Before you can plan effective revision • you need to know how short term memory works and how to transfer the information to your long term memory

  4. 1/2 E F Short Term Memory • When you revise for say one hour the information goes into short term memory • But after only a short time the information starts to leak out Brainometer

  5. Quick Facts The more interesting you found the work – the more information you will retain. If you didn’t UNDERSTAND the work you will lose information more quickly! 1/2 E F Quick facts> Short Term Memory • After only a day or so most of the information will have gone • To put the information back you will have to revise all over again for another hour Brainometer

  6. Smart Revision • Suppose that you could revise for less time …. • But retain more information! • You can with “Smart Revision” • Here’s why “Smart Revision” works

  7. Quick Facts The original research was done by Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885) Ebbinhaus used the now common term “learning curve” to describe this phenomena Quick facts> Smart Revision • A great deal of research shows that after 50 – 60 minutes revising the brain stops absorbing information and spends about 10 minutes “organising itself” • Soon afterwards information starts to be lost unless it is reinforced • The end of that 10 minutes “organisation time” is the best time to recap (take a break while the brain does its bit!)

  8. 1/2 E F How to “Revise Smart” • Revise a topic for up to 50 minutes – No longer! • Take a 10 minute break • Information will soon start leaking out! • But spend 10 minutes quickly recapping the topic (We’ll show you how later!) • And the leakage is stopped Brainometer

  9. 1/2 E F Next Day • Because of the “top up” much more information is retained this time • Another short “top up” is enough to reinforce the information and replace any that was lost Brainometer

  10. 1/2 E F A Week Later! • Because of the two “top ups” much of the information is still retained after a week • Another short “top up” is enough to replace the lost information • You have revised for less time but you remember more information! Brainometer

  11. Remembering Facts 100% 0% Redshows facts retained with no top ups Greenshow facts retained with SMART revision

  12. Quick Facts The diagram of the brain is NOT meant to indicate the areas where memory is actually located!! Quick facts> Memory Transfer • By topping up before the memory is lost … • Short term memory is being transferred to your long term memory • You should “top up” again after a month to reinforce the information

  13. Recap Your Work • A quick and effective way to recap your revision is to make a mind map diagram • See the example on the next slide • Remember not to waste time making it very neat and artistic but do use pictures. • Spend about 10 minutes on your recap after about 45-50 minutes of revision • Remember to take a break first!

  14. Start in the centre of your page. Sketch a picture representing the main topic Mind Mapping Example Draw a line from the centre Edward lV Henry lV York Lancaster Edward V Henry V Write on the line one of the main points, adding a picture will help! Richard lll Henry Vl Lancaster & York Draw branching lines for sub points Your mind map will be more complex than this! Label the lines Expand the map

  15. Remember • Adding pictures to the map will help you remember • But it’s NOT a work of art, don’t waste too much time!

  16. Second Recap • After one day try to reproduce the mind map • When you have done all you can from memory fill in any missing information by looking at the original • Remember only look at the first mind map when you have done all you can • Spend only about 10 minutes on this second recap

  17. House of Lancaster House of York Henry lV Edward lV Henry V Edward V Henry Vl Richard lll After a Week • Do a second “top up” • You can draw the map again • OR use a diagram like this: • Your diagram will have more information! Red Rose White Rose

  18. Keep a Diary • It’s important not to miss any “top up” sessions • Keeping a simple diary is essential Revision Diary         

  19. Memory Aids Helping you to remember ..

  20. Memory Aids - Mnemonics • An example of a mnemonic is “Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain” • The initial letters help you remember the order of the colours of the rainbow • You can make up your own to help you remember lists • Mnemonics like this are most useful when you are trying to remember the order of items

  21. Story Chains • Remembering lists can be hard! • See if you can remember this? • Boy, bee, bottle, boat, blue, blind, big, bluebottle, bank • How many do you remember? • How many will you know in an hour?

  22. Story Chains • Boy, bee, bottle, boat, blue, blind, big bluebottle, bank • Now make up a story: • A boy found a bee and put it in a bottle. Then he rowed his boat on the lake. He asked “can you see the blue water”. “No” said the bee. “I’m blind but I have big ears and I can hear that bluebottle on the other bank.”

  23. Word 4 Word 8 Word 7 Word 6 Word 5 Word 3 Word 9 Word 1 Word 2 How Many • Now how many can you remember? Boy Bee Bottle Boat Blue Blind Big Bluebottle Bank

  24. Substitute Words • The “story chain” works well if you can imagine a picture of the word e.g. boat, bee • Often you can’t easily do this e.g. Lancastrian, Yorkist • In these case try to think of a substitute word that sounds like or reminds you of the real word • “Lancastrian” could be “Lanky” • “Yorkist” could be “Yorkie” bar

  25. Numbers • Lists of numbers can be difficult to remember • You can use the story method if you associate an image with each number • Think of ONE as “Gun” • TWO as “Shoe”

  26. Numbers Can you guess the name of each picture and its number? Click a shape to reveal or hide the answers! Door = 4 Dive = 5 Gun = 1 Shoe = 2 Tree = 3 Sticks = 6 Heaven = 7 Gate = 8 Sign = 9 Hen = 10

  27. Location Boxes • This takes a little effort to learn but can work well for remembering quite long lists • You need to use locations that you know well • Don’t try to use the one in the example • Choose … • a room in your house • The whole house / garden • Your journey to school

  28. My Location • Going to school1. Open the front door2. Walk to the gate3. Wait at the bus stop4. Sit in my seat5. Get off at the schoolentranceetc • The orange places are my locations

  29. The List • In my mind I go on the journey and … • Stick the dart in my door • Leave the apple at the gate • Stick the card to the bus stop • Find a pound under the seat on the bus • Put the flag at the school entrance

  30. Why Does it Work • Once you have learned the order of places in your location… • You can visualize a picture of the items in that place

  31. Make it Memorable! • The image of the dart sticking in the nice door will “stick” in your memory • Putting the apple by the gate isn’t that memorable – maybe imagine a giant apple completely blocking the gate! • Once you’ve learned the “journey” you can jump into the list at any point,even go backwards!

  32. Summing Up • Revise in chunks of about 45 - 50 minutes • Then take short breaks – relax! • Recap for 10 minutes straight after the break • Top up after 1 day, 1 week and 1 month • Keep a simple diary – don’t miss top ups! • Try to UNDERSTAND the work • Use memory aids

  33. Good Luck!

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