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The Liberal Era, 1960-1968. Chapter 28: The Enduring Vision. Guiding Questions. How liberal was the New Frontier in civil rights and economic matters? What was the new liberalism of the 1960s, and how did Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society exemplify it?
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The Liberal Era, 1960-1968 Chapter 28: The Enduring Vision
Guiding Questions • How liberal was the New Frontier in civil rights and economic matters? • What was the new liberalism of the 1960s, and how did Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society exemplify it? • What were the major successes and failures of the black movements for civil rights and socioeconomic progress from 1964 to 1968? • In what ways did 1960’s liberalism affect other minorities and women, and how did minorities and women affect liberalism? • How did the United States get involved in Vietnam, and to what extent was President Johnson responsible for the tragedy of Vietnam?
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • The 1960 Election • Richard Nixon • John F. Kennedy • The first television debates • Liberal intellectuals • Robert Kennedy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbrcRKqLSRw
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • The New Frontier • Kennedy’s relationship with Congress • Economic Growth • Defense Spending
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • Kennedy’s Race to the Moon • Environmentalism • Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (1962) • The Clean Air Act (1963)
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • Kennedy and the Cold War • “We shall pay any price” • “flexible response” • The Peace Corps
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • Spring 1961 • “La Brigada” • Fidel Castro • The Bay of Pigs Invasion • The role of the CIA • Kennedy’s image
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • July 1961 • Nikita Khrushchev • The Vienna Summit • Discussion over West Berlin • The Berlin Wall (August 1961)
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • The Cuban Missile Crisis (October 1962) • intermediate-range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) • Kennedy’s quarantine of Cuba • American fears • Secretary of State Dean Rusk
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • Khrushchev’s Telegram to Kennedy • Castro’s role in the Cuban Missile Crisis • Robert Kennedy • Final Negotiations • Kennedy’s new image • Khrushchev’s new image
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • The “hot line” • the arms race • Détente • outlawing atmospheric and undersea nuclear testing
The Kennedy Presidency, 1961-1963 • November 22, 1963 • JFK’s Assassination • Lee Harvey Oswald • Lyndon Johnson
Lyndon Johnson • Tax cuts • The war on poverty • The Great Society • the Economic Opportunity Act (1964) • Job Corps • VISTA • Head Start
Lyndon Johnson • The 1964 Election • Feelings about the Great Society • Barry Goldwater • Medicaid • Medicare • New immigration laws • Results of the Great Society
Lyndon Johnson • The role of the Supreme Court in the 1960s • Thurgood Marshall • (1963) Abington v. Schempp • (1963) Gideon v. Wainwright • (1966) Miranda v. Arizona • (1967) Loving v. Virginia
The Civil Rights Movement 1961-1968 • Sit Ins • The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) • Freedom Riders • Kennedy’s Response to the Civil Rights Movement
The Civil Rights Movement 1961-1968 • the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) • Birmingham (April 1963) • Bull Connor • The March on Washington (August 28, 1963)
The Civil Rights Movement 1961-1968 • The Civil Rights Act of 1964 • The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission • Selma, Alabama (March 1965) • The Voting Rights Act (August 1965) • The Watts Riot (August 1965)
The Civil Rights Movement 1961-1968 • Black Power • Malcolm X • The Nation of Islam (Black Muslims) • “If ballots won’t work, bullets will” • Malcolm X’s assassination (February 1965) • The Black Panther Party
The Women’s Rights Movement • the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission • Betty Friedan • The Feminine Mystique (1963) • The “velvet ghetto” • National Organization for Women (NOW) (1966)
Vietnam • French efforts in Indochina • The Indochina War • Truman’s efforts in Vietnam • Ho Chi Minh • The Vietminh • Dien Bien Phu
Vietnam • The Geneva Accords • The 17th Parallel • The Domino Theory • SEATO • Ngo DinhDiem • the 1956 Election
Vietnam • The National Liberation Front • The Vietcong • “sink or swim with Ngo Dinh Diem”
Vietnam • Kennedy and Flexible Response • Military Advisors • The Green Berets • Strategic Hamlet s • Diem’s Anti-Buddhist Policies • Diem’s assassination • Kennedy’s assassination
Vietnam • Johnson’s efforts in Vietnam • The Gulf of Tonkin Incident (August 1964) • “open aggression on the high seas.” • the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • Johnson’s Blank Check
Vietnam • Operation Rolling Thunder • Goals of Rolling Thunder • The Ho Chi Minh Trail • Committing ground troops (Danang, March 1965) • The attrition strategy
Vietnam • “The poor man’s fight” • The role of television • Protests • defoliants (Agent Orange) • napalm • The body count
Vietnam • Hawks • Doves • “Hey, hey, LBJ, how many kids did you kill today?”