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Disease and Immunity in the pre-Spanish Philippines

Disease and Immunity in the pre-Spanish Philippines. Note: Tributary population x 4(multiply factor) = Soul population. Population Drop Epidemics Spanish Colonization. EPIDEMICS. Epidemics Chronic Infection -malaria Acute Infections -dengue

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Disease and Immunity in the pre-Spanish Philippines

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  1. Disease and Immunity in the pre-Spanish Philippines

  2. Note: Tributary population x 4(multiply factor) = Soul population

  3. Population Drop Epidemics Spanish Colonization

  4. EPIDEMICS

  5. Epidemics Chronic Infection -malaria Acute Infections -dengue -These kinds of infections are - water borne infections Spread from human to human and These kinds of diseases are caught from Characterized by short periods of mosquito or caught from surroundings, Infections that cause high mortality these diseases reappear frequently and no But give life long immunity to the immunity is given to the host. survivors

  6. ACUTE INFECTIONS

  7. ASIA

  8. Acute infections - Epidemic Chronologies for China, Japan and other South East Asia countries during the pre-Spanish period. - Early dictionaries in native Filipino language. - Examination of the pattern and level of mortality associated with acute infections in the early contact period. Note: The focus of the discussion will be on acute infections that are transmitted or spread to face to face contact [ such as smallpox, chicken pox, measles influenza] and not on the existence of insects, rodents and etc.

  9. ACUTE INFECTIONS (before the arrival of the Spaniards) Acute infections Main trading Incontact islands IMMUNITY ACHIEVED From China and ports(Manila, and their interiors Japan Mindoro, Cebu, Jolo, Mindanao) Chinese Muslim Traders Islands in the archipelago (cotton, marine products, forest products. Etc) Acute infections Main trading ports Didn’t reach other islands, other from China and (Manila, Mindoro, and interior places due to geo- Japan Cebu, Mindanao, graphical and social barriers Jolo) IMMUNITY NOT ACHIEVED

  10. Acute Infections (During Early Colonial Period) - According to Relacion del Descobrimiento y Con Quista de las isla de Luzon (1572),when the Spanish based in Panay Island there had been “a great famine” among the natives of this Island and a deadly epidemic disease “(pestilence)” in which half of the population died. - A “peste” caused high mortality in many parts of Luzon, it is suspected that the same disease spread to the Jesuit Parishes near Manila the following year.

  11. Jesuit Visayas Bohol - According to Fr. Pedro Chrino a “pastilence’ caused pain in the head and stomach and resulted to death and depopulation of the entire villages. Samar – A serious and widespread disease caused death to adults, children, and old persons. Tinagon – 1, 000 people died

  12. SPANISH COLONIZATION

  13. Spanish Colonization Gold – (spices, gold and other items of sufficient economic interest) Brutal Attacks – caused by raiding native villages for food, goods , and slaves(e.g. in Cebu). - caused by raiding native villages to seize gold/ jewelry (e.g. coast of Ilocos and Pangasinan). - to those who try to escape (they are killed) and destroy their houses. High Mortality Rate – due to hunger, killings and brutal attacks by the Spaniards.

  14. Believed to be the 3 major cause of population decline • Tribute – a payment in acknowledgement of subjugation or in exchange for protection or peace. • Vandals – force selling of valuables to the government ex. rice). • Polo – force labors. Also: • Hispano – Dutch wars. • Moro Attacks.

  15. Conclusion The demographic decline in the 17th century was the outcome of a complex Interactions of factors that include the Hispano – Dutch Wars, Restructuring of Filipino communities, famines, Epidemics and Moro Raids, like other factors that contributed to elevated mortality, they varied geographically in part because of the nature of societies affected.

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