U.S. History

1. U.S. History Riley Cole, Nikita Fox, Audra , Arron Stevens, Drew Bragg

2. Economics of the North and South • North- Factories, cities, small farms, immigrant communities, no real need for slaves, more railroads, house of reps. Basis of power in congress • South- slave labor, large and small plantations, cotton is the cash crop, few immigrants, very few railroad lines, senate basis of power in congress

3. Tariff effects different regions • Tariffs favored in the North and their manufacturing plants, it would benefit the north because natives would purchase products U.S. made for cheaper prices • The south disliked tariffs because they didn't have any interest in the north benefiting from their money

4. Tariffs of 1824, 1828, 1832 • The tariff of 1824 (35%): a tariff designed to protect American manufacturers by taxing cheaper British made goods • Tariff of 1828 (over 60%!): This tariff did the same as the last but the southern states suffered because they had to pay for expensive British goods the U.S. didn’t produce • Tariff of 1832 (~38%): This tariff reduced the current tariff tax percentage to remedy the tariff of 1828. The South was still OUTRAGED!

5. How Tariffs Effected the South • The south relied on manufactured goods • Many of those goods were imported • John Calhoun wrote the South Carolina Exposition, encouraging Southern states to nullify the tariffs • South Carolina nullified the tariff of 1832 and even threatened secession, causing the “nullification crisis” • Congress passed the Compromise Tariff of 1833, South Carolina dropped its articles of nullification. • Congress also passed the Force Bill (1833), authorizing the president to use force to collect tariffs…South Carolina nullified this law!

6. The Missouri compromise, the compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska act • Clays compromise contained provisions to please both the north and the south, the compromise stated that the new state of California would be a free state to please the north and a new more effective fugitive slave law to please the south • Both Nebraska and Kansas were both legally closed to slavery but had popular sovereignty, the bill would repeal the Missouri compromise and establish popular sovereignty in the new territories

7. Bleeding Kansas • After the Kansas-Nebraska Act the new states were being debated on if they were going to be pro or anti slavery • The new states had to be populated and voted to see if the new states would be pro or anti slavery • Some people called border ruffians would cross the border from Missouri to vote fraudulently and force the acceptance of slavery in Kansas • Violence broke out and many on both sides of the issue were killed

8. Dred Scott vs. Sanford • Dred Scott was a slave brought from the south to the north and back to the south • Argued that because he lived in a free state for sometime he was then a free man by law • In the end they denied his freedom • The Dred Scott case overturned the Missouri Compromise. • ***Its decision meant that Congress had NO authority to regulate slavery in the territories!