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The Rise of Caesar & The Making of Rome’s Empire

The Rise of Caesar & The Making of Rome’s Empire . Homework:. “Who was Julius Caesar?” Use the T-chart to identify examples of times you would identify Caesar as a HERO and time you would categorize him as a VILLAIN!. Uprisings throughout the Republic . I am Spartacus!. By 120 B.C.E.

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The Rise of Caesar & The Making of Rome’s Empire

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  1. The Rise of Caesar & The Making of Rome’s Empire

  2. Homework: • “Who was Julius Caesar?” • Use the T-chart to identify examples of times you would identify Caesar as a HERO and time you would categorize him as a VILLAIN!

  3. Uprisings throughout the Republic I am Spartacus! • By 120 B.C.E. • Plebeians revolt; try to gain control of land • Consuls did not respect one another • Generals gathered private armies • Chaos • 73-71 B.C.E.- Slave revolt led by gladiator Spartacus • Estimated that of the 6million people on the peninsula 2 million were slaves • Marcus Crassus puts down Spartacus' revolt

  4. The First Triumvirate • 60 B. C. E.- Pompey, Julius Caesar, and Crassus formed an alliance that became the First Triumvirate • A government by three people with equal power) • Crassus – known as the richest man in Rome • Pompey – hero of successful military command in Spain • Julius Caesar – military commander in Spain

  5. Crassus Some may say I’m crass…but the bling gets the ladies!

  6. Pompey ? ? ? Who’s my celeb look-a-like?

  7. Julius Caesar The Caesar salad was name for me…not him!

  8. The First Triumvirate • After forming the First Triumvirate, each focused on expanding Rome through pursuits in the following: • Crassus – Syria • Killed in battle in 53 B.C. • Pompey- Spain • Caesar- Gaul and Illyria

  9. The First Triumvirate • 58-51 B.C.E- Julius Caesar conquered Gaul (France) and moved north into Britain • Soldiers fiercely loyal to him • Caesar went back to Rome to seize power • After death of Crassus, Pompey is fearful, aligns himself with Senate in hopes to overpower Caesar • Caesar is told to disband his army • Refused, and illegally crosses Rubicon River

  10. The Rubicon River

  11. Just across the river men… I crossed the Rubicon with Caesar and all I got was this stupid shirt

  12. Caesar Takes Control • 49 B.C.E. – Marches into Rome and began civil war with Pompey • 49-45 B.C.E. – Caesar wins civil war; Pompey flees to Egypt where he is killed by Pharaoh Ptolemy • 45-44 B.C.E. – Caesar declares himself dictator for life • Reforms: • Building roads, draining marshes • Free gladiatorial games • Gave land to the poor • Doubled the Senate (less power to each) • Gave citizenship to Greeks, Spaniards, and Gauls • Adopted the Julian calendar • Reformed currency

  13. Beware the Ides of March • Caesar begins growing strong even making his former friends leery that he would lead to Roman monarchy again • Sixty men conspire to assassinate him • March 15th 44BCE • Stabbed and killed by senators at the Theater of Pompey. • Died at the bottom of the statue of his rival, Pompey. • Citizens of Rome were not happy about losing this strong, forceful dictator • Rioted and burned the senate house.

  14. Revenge is sweet! April Fools? No! Ides of March!

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