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Role of the Media in Terrorism: Evaluating Perspectives and Communication Forms

This discussion explores the media's role in terrorism from both objective news reporting to the dissemination of propaganda. It examines the impact of different forms of media communication and how language choices influence public perception. Additionally, the participants involved, criticisms, and the contagion effect are analyzed, along with the need for regulating the free press.

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Role of the Media in Terrorism: Evaluating Perspectives and Communication Forms

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  1. Department of Criminal Justice California State University - Bakersfield CRJU 477 Terrorism Dr. Abu-Lughod, Reem Ali Role of the Media

  2. Perspective of the Media: • Objective news • “media spin” • Dramatizing the event? Tabloid, reality shows, etc… • “news triage” when some news are given high priority

  3. Perspective of the Government: • Challenging policymakers • Creating national consensus • Who has more power on swaying public opinion • Tension between all levels of government

  4. Exploring the Role of the Media: • Propaganda. What is it and how is it used • The media caught in the middle of providing news to the public and disseminating T activity/msge • The objectivity of the media?

  5. Publicizing the Cause: • Reaching a broad audience • Media-oriented terrorism • Publicizing events and communicating a msge

  6. The different forms of Media communication PLEASE BE PREPARED TO DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING FORMS OF MEDIA REPORTING • Print Media • Radio • Television • The Internet • WHAT ABOUT THE “NEW MEDIA”

  7. Deciding on HOW to report and in WHAT language • Terrorist or Commando • Terrorists and terrorism subbed with guerillas and extremists • Euphemistic Language Labeling Enemies and Targets • Denouncing secular Arab governments as apostasies • Zionism Self labeling • Martyrs, freedom fighters, soldiers

  8. The Participants: PLEASE BE PREPARED TO DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING • The Terrorist • The Supporter • The Victim • The Target • The Onlooker • The Analyst

  9. Criticisms: • Journalists sometimes cross the line between reporting the news and disseminating terrorist propaganda • Media's behavior sometimes shifts from objectivity to sensational opinion • Media reaching large audiences may impact the political environment

  10. The Impact: • Sending messages to T encouraging them for furthering acts of violence • Encouraging supporters • Victims reacting • International pressure • Understanding from onlookers (may be sympathetic)

  11. INFORMATION IS POWER • Media as a Weapon • Case in point: Hezbollah and the Hijacking of TWA Flight 847 (please be prepared to discuss this in class)

  12. The Contagion Effect • Defined • Examples: taking of Western hostages in Lebanon during the 1980s • Diplomatic and commercial kidnappings for ransom and concessions in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s

  13. Regulating the Free Press Journalistic self-regulation or Media Gatekeeping EXAMPLE: in Great Britain, the Official Secrets Act permitted the prosecution of individuals for the reporting of information that was deemed to endanger the security of the British Government

  14. Concluding Remarks: • The CNN effect • Media at Stake • What the Media chooses to report and How • The impact on perception

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