1 / 17

Limiting Reactants in Chemistry

Learn about limiting reactants in chemistry and how they determine the maximum amount of product that can be formed in a chemical reaction. Solve practice problems and calculate percent yield.

rlovett
Download Presentation

Limiting Reactants in Chemistry

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. CHEMISTRY February 13, 2012

  2. Brain Teaser 2HCl + Na2SO4 2NaCl + H2SO4 • If you start with 20 grams of hydrochloric acid (HCl), how many grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) will be produced?

  3. Agenda • Brain Teaser • Grade Homework • Limiting Reactants Notes • Practice • Partner Quiz (?) • Homework • TBD

  4. Limiting Reactants

  5. Limiting Reactants • Reactant that is completely used up in a chemical reaction • Determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.

  6. Limiting Reactants • Why is this important? • The quantities of products formed in a reaction are always determined by the quantity of the limiting reactant.

  7. Limiting Reactants • Analogy: making cheese sandwiches

  8. Limiting Reactants

  9. Limiting Reactants

  10. Limiting Reactants 2H2 + O2 2H2O What is the limiting reactant?

  11. Limiting Reactants 2H2 + O2 2H2O What is the limiting reactant?

  12. Limiting Reactants • How many grams of water can I make from 22 grams of hydrogen and 195 grams of oxygen? • Write a balanced chemical equation H2 + O2 H2O • What is the limiting reactant? • Answer: Do two stoichiometry calculations • Determine mass of product produced by each reactant • How do you know?

  13. Determining the limiting reactants • The limiting reagent may not be obvious!!

  14. Practice Problem • When copper (II) chloride reacts with sodium nitrate, copper (II) nitrate and sodium chloride are formed • Write the balanced equation for the reaction • If 15 grams of copper (II) chloride react with 20 grams of sodium nitrate, how much sodium chloride can be formed? • What is the limiting reactant? • How much of the nonlimiting reactant is left over in this reaction? • If 11.3 grams of sodium chloride are formed in the reaction described above, what is the percent yield of this reaction?

  15. Can you really get out everything that goes in? % yield = experimental yield x 100 theoretical yield Experimental or actual yield determined in the lab Theoretical or expected yield determined by stoichiometry

  16. Practice Problem • If 35 grams of C6H10 reacts with 45 grams of oxygen, how many grams of carbon dioxide will be formed? • What is the limiting reactant? • How much of the excess reactant is left over after the reaction ? • If 35 grams of carbon dioxide are actually formed from the reaction, what is the percent yield of this reaction?

  17. Partner Quiz 1) CaCl2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2NaCl 5.45 g 4.55 g ? How much CaCO3 (in g) is formed? What is the percent yield for this reaction if 3.96 g of calcium carbonate was isolated from the reaction?

More Related