Abuse

1. Abuse Abuse – physical, mental, or emotional mistreatment of another person Physical Abuse - pushing, slapping, choking, hitting, punching, etc. Mental/Emotional Abuse - yelling, name calling, neglect Sexual Abuse – forced sexual acts or assaults

2. Domestic Violence Abuse occurring within one’s family. It can take the form of physical, sexual, mental/emotional abuse.

3. Dating Abuse Any abuse occurring between dating partners Widespread among young people Victims can be males or females 1 in 4 teen girls reports abuse from dating partner *

4. Teenage Sexualityand STDs

5. Adolescent & Teenage Sexuality • A time of change, physically, mentally, and emotionally (body and mind) • It takes time for people to understand who they are becoming. • It can be a confusing, intense, and sometimes difficult period of time and change

6. Affection • The feelings of love or caring for someone else. Romantic Relationships • Affection vs. attraction • Characteristics of healthy relationships would be mutual respect, commitment, trust, honesty, effective communication • Expressions of affection

7. Expressions of Affection Doing something thoughtful for the other person Giving cards, small gifts Doing things together, going places together Showing you are a trusted, valuable friend Holding hands, hugging, kissing Sexual intimacy (best postponed during teen years)

8. Abstinence (& Limits) • The conscious decision to not participate in high risk behaviors. - i.e., drinking, smoking, sexual activity - commonly refers to sexual behaviors • Set personal limits • Share those limits at the outset of relationship

9. Adolescent/Teenage Sexuality • Sexual identity– defines how a person identifies with their own sexuality. • How you behave • How you dress • How you interact with others • How you perceive yourself and want others to perceive you • Who you are attracted to • Gender identity – One’s innermost concept as male, or female, a blend of both, or neither • Sexual orientation– refers to the gender to which someone is attracted.

10. Sexual Orientation • Many stereotypes about sexual orientation (i.e., feminine appearance, masculine appearance) • Feelings of not fitting in, fears of prejudice, discrimination, and violence, deny who they are or what they feel • Jamie Rodemeyer (2011) video • Chosen or genetic? Many in scientific community feel that orientation is simply not chosen. Thought to be a combination of biological (genetic), psychological, and environmental factors.

11. Sexual Orientation • Heterosexual – romantically and physically attracted to members of the opposite sex (males attracted to females, females attracted to males). Sometimes referred to as “straight”. • Homosexual – romantically and physically attracted to people of the same sex (gay, lesbian). • Bisexual – romantically and physically attracted to both sexes.

12. Chazz Bono

13. Gender identity

14. Good Morning America clip

15. Bruce Jenner

17. Identifying as Transgendered(Transsexual) Feeling like you are living in the wrong body, wrong gender Gender identity and confusion http://kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/guys/transgender.html Different needs for each individual Some may go through a gender transition or change, some may not Jazz Jennings ABC 20/20

18. Transgender vs. Cisgender • A Cisgender person is defined as… A person whose self-identity conforms with the gender that corresponds to their biological sex; not transgender.

19. Sexual Harassment Any unwelcome advance or attention that is of a sexual nature. • Name calling • Touching, groping, rubbing against someone • Telling sexual jokes or stories • Displaying pornographic or sexist pictures, graffiti • Pressuring someone to engage in sexual activities or sexual favors • Staring, leering, whistling • Asking for sex, sexual favors • Gender/orientation related • Pressuring someone for a date

20. RAPE Rape is forced, unwanted sexual intercourse or sexual acts. Sometimes called sexual assault; can happen to men and women and children of any age. • Threat of or use of force or violence • ALWAYS THE FAULT OF RAPIST • Rape is a crime, no matter who commits it (stranger, friend, acquaintance, family member) • Date rape – between two people who know each other (acquaintances or people dating, friends)

21. DATE RAPE • Usually occurring by someone who the victim knows personally • Alcohol is sometimes involved, loosening inhibitions • Date rape drug (“roofies,” gamma hydroxybutyrate GHB, ketamine)

22. RAPE What do I do if I am raped? • Know that it is not your fault • Seek medical care (the sooner the better) • Deal with your feelings by seeking emotional care • Talk to a parent, counselor, doctor, clergy, teacher, or other trusted adult

23. Sexually Transmitted Diseases STDs STIs – Sexually transmitted infections

24. About STDs • Rising rates of STD’s among young people and teens • They are easily spread because it is common that you may not be able to detect if someone is infected • Sometimes people themselves that are infected may not know about it yet, and can infect others • Not only can be embarrassing, but can lead to serious health problems • Infertility (inability to reproduce or have children) • Death (i.e., HIV/AIDS)

25. Safe Sex quiz for Teens

26. How they are spread • MYTH: You need to have sexual intercourse to be infected (penis into vagina) • TRUTH: You can become infected in several ways (depending on the infection) • Skin to skin contact (i.e., open sores of herpes or genital warts) • Oral or anal sex (infections can pass through tiny tears or cuts in the mouth or anus)

27. How they are spread • MYTH: Only dirty or trashy people, or drug users are infected with STDs. • TRUTH: STDs can affect anyone, of any age, race, gender, or sexual orientation.

28. What increases your risk? Sexual activity at younger ages increases the chances of becoming infected Lots of sex partners – people who are sexually intimate (not just intercourse) with many different partners are at increased risk Unprotected sex - condoms are the only form of birth control that can also decrease risk of certain STDs

29. Birth Control, “Protection” “What does this do? What does this protect or try to prevent? • Abstinence 100% effective • Condoms (male, female) • Birth control pill • Diaphragm (barrier method) • Spermicides • Other hormone methods (NuvaRing, Depo Provera)

30. The female condom

31. Prevention and Treatment of diseases & infections Abstinence only 100% effective prevention Condoms Regular male genital examinations or gynecological examinations for females by a doctor Exams give doctors chance to teach patients about STDs Can catch infections in early, most treatable stages Don’t let embarrassment prevent you from seeking medical attention Don’t feel comfortable at your family doctor? Local medical clinics will do exams confidentially National STD Hotline 1-800-227-8922

32. HIV/AIDS • Chlamydia • Genital Herpes • Genital Warts • Gonorrhea • Hepatitis B (HBV) • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) • Pubic Lice (crabs) • Syphilis • Trichomoniasis

33. HIV/AIDS AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV destroys the CD4 helper lymphocytes, which are part of the immune system. When the virus infects the immune system, one starts to get more serious infections that the body is not able to fight off. This condition is called AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Eventually leads to death

34. Spread by unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal sex(“unprotected” - by not using a condom) By sharing needles used for drugs, steroids, or for tattooing or piercing The virus can be spread from a mother to a baby during the birthing process and by breastfeeding. All expectant mothers should be tested for HIV as it can sometimes be prevented from spreading to the child.

35. Extreme weakness or fatigue Rapid weight loss Frequent fevers Heavy sweating at night Swollen lymph glands Rashes, genital, mouth, or anal sores from infections White spots in mouth, throat Chronic diarrhea Persistent cough Females may experience severe vaginal yeast infections Trouble remembering things

37. HIV Cases • More than 1.1 million people in the United States are living with HIV infection, and almost 1 in 6 (15.8%) are unaware of their infection. from CDC. CDC. Monitoring selected national HIV prevention and care objectives by using HIV surveillance data—United States and 6 U.S. dependent areas—2011. HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report 2013;18(No. 5). Published October 2013. . • An estimated 15,529 people with an AIDS diagnosis died in 2010, and approximately 636,000 people in the United States with an AIDS diagnosis have overall3.

38. Getting tested • At your family doctor, gynecologist, or a special AIDS clinic. (EIA, ELISA, Western Blot, rapid tests, and at home tests) Home Access Kit is only at home test approved by FDA. • Clinics can do the tests anonymously and confidentially • National AIDS Hotline • 1-800-342-AIDS (English)

39. Chlamydia • Caused by bacterial infection • Often don’t know we have it • Painful to urinate, unusual or painful discharges from penis or vagina • Symptoms take 3 weeks to appear • If untreated, infection and inflammation of urethra, cervix (females), epididymis (males) • Treated with prescribed anti-biotics

40. US Rates of Chlamydia • In 2012, a total of 1,422,976 chlamydial infections were reported to CDC in 50 states and the District of Columbia (Table 1). • During 1992–2012, the rate of reported chlamydial infection increased from 182.3 to 456.7 cases per 100,000 population • 456.7 cases per 100,000 population, • Affects young people the most • By age and gender: • Females 15-19: 3,291.5 cases per 100,000 • Males 20-24: 1,350.4 cases per 100,000

41. Hepatitis (A, B, and C) • Hepatitis is a virus which causes an inflammation of the liver. • Liver injury caused by a toxin or poison • An attack of the body’s own immune system Hepatitis B (HBV) is passed through sexual activityand can cause permanent liver damage if not treated. Can lead to cirrhosis and/or liver cancer. 1 in 50 people infected. Hep C (HCV) passed through needles and sex. contact.

42. Hepatitis (A, B, and C) • Flu symptoms • nausea, tiredness, headache, loss of appetite • Jaundice (yellowing of skin, eyes) • Symptoms in 15 days to 4 months • Immunization is available for HEP A and B • 6 months to recover after treatment

43. Protecting against Hepatitis • Don’t share needles or drug paraphernalia • Avoid unprotected sex • Tattooing or piercing? Be sure that the shop sterilizes and uses clean equipment • Don’t share toothbrushes or razors (can be passed through cuts) • Wash hands after being in the bathroom (HAV)

44. Genital Herpes • Caused by a virus called herpes simplex (HSV) • (HSV 1 and HSV 2) • May not be aware they are infected • Pain or itching from sores in genital area 2 to 20 days after being infected • Occasionally can cause sores in mouth • Sores start as red bumps, then red, watery blisters • Painful to urinate

45. Genital Herpes • Sores can subside and go away, but virus lives inside the body • Sores will reappear during next “outbreak” • 4 – 5 outbreaks per year • Anti-viral medication to help clear up sores, ease discomfort • No cure for disease

48. Genital Warts • Caused by HPV (human papillomavirus – over 100 types of HPV) • 30 HPV types cause genital warts • Sometimes you aren’t aware you are infected • As many as 1 in 2 people can have them at some point in their lives

49. Genital Warts • Abstinence is only 100% prevention technique • Condoms give some protection, but don’t cover all areas of the body that can be infected • US Govt – approved a vaccine that protect against some types of HPV that cause cervical cancer (Gardasil)