Knowledge Transfer and Skills Mobilization

1. Knowledge Transfer and Skills Mobilization African Diaspora Technical Experts Committee Meeting South Africa, February 21-22, 2011 Richard Cambridge,Adviser to Regional Vice President & Manager, African Diaspora Program Africa Region, World Bank

2. Road Map of Presentation • The World Bank Approach to Knowledge Sharing: Key Knowledge Products: African Migration, Remittances and Diaspora • The World Bank Approach to Skills Mobilization: The Skills Toward Employment and Productivity (STEP) framework The Development Marketplace for African Diaspora • Higher Education and Institutional Capacity Building: Working with Diaspora Professionals in Higher Education: Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

3. The World Bank Approach to Knowledge Sharing Four core priorities: • Develop global technical practices across the World Bank Group: Recognition of the mobility of global knowledge and need for partner country demand. • Manage the World Bank’s knowledge products as a portfolio: Ensuring greater partner countries’ and institutions’ responsiveness and impact from the knowledge the World Bank produces. • Strengthen the World Bank’s role as a global connector: Collaboration with think tanks, catalyzing development debates, connectivity with knowledge centers and practitioner networks. • Reform and update the World Bank’s knowledge architecture: An integrated system for capture, storage, collaboration and use.

4. Key Knowledge Products:Migration, Remittances, and the Diaspora • Africa Migration Project: Regional Flagship Report: A report on ‘Migration, Remittances and Development in Africa’ will be released at the end of March, 2011. Household Surveys: Survey findings will provide an understanding of the characteristics of migrants in sending and receiving countries, and inform national policy-makers about trends, determinants and consequences, and the development impacts of migration and remittances. Remittance Market Country Studies: Conducted in eight African countries and two key destination countries, to cover a wide range of remittance service providers. • Global Bilateral Migration Database 1960-2000: Data from census records over five decades for 226 countries by gender and age. • Brain Drain Databases 1990-2000: Estimating the extent and determinants of bilateral skilled migration patterns for 195 origin countries, 85 destination countries, disaggregated by gender and education level (primary, secondary, tertiary).

5. Key Knowledge Products: Migration, Remittances, and the Diaspora • Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011: Provides a comprehensive picture of emigration, immigration, skilled emigration and remittance flows for 210 countries and 15 country groups, using data from national censuses, labour force surveys, population registers and other national sources. • The General Principles for International Remittance Services: At the request of the G-7 finance Ministers and G8 Summit to develop standards and guidelines for remittance services, these Principles were developed by the Payment Systems Development Group, the Bank for International Settlement, Central Banks and other stakeholders. • Remittance Prices Worldwide (RPW) Database: Measures the prices of remittance services and the impact of changes in regulation, policies and market structures.

6. The World Bank Approach to Skills Mobilization: Addressing the Youth Bulge • The Skills Toward Employment and Productivity (STEP) framework is a comprehensive approach to addressing skill-development gaps. The framework focuses on five interlinked steps across a workers’ life-cycle:

7. Development Marketplace for the African Diaspora Development Marketplace for African Diaspora in Europe (D-MADE).A Multi-Donor Trust-Fund (Netherlands, Belgium; France; Germany, and the French Development Agency) was established to provide support to African Diaspora entrepreneurs living in Europe, to participate with a local partner, in development of their home country . • Winning projects located in Mali, Burkina Faso, Benin, DR Congo, Madagascar, Malawi, Togo, Ethiopia, Sierra Leone, and Cameroon. • Sectors covered by these projects include : support to women associations, textile manufacturing, modern and mobile sanitation and public toilets; cashew nut, fruit and vegetable, and shea-based product processing, fish marketing, model farming, biofuels (Jatropha plant),management of micro and small enterprises; mobile phones, and hospital hygiene and treatment of biomedical waste. •  Early evidence that with capital inputs between $40,000 - $50,000, (average DMADE award) successful job-creating enterprises can be created. Global Development Marketplace for African Diaspora Action (DMADA) on Youth and Employment under the leadership of the African Union Commission’s Citizens and Diaspora Organizations Department (CIDO) in collaboration with AU member countries and the World Bank. • Need to establish a Multi-Donor Trust Fund to launch the program.

8. Higher Education and Institutional Capacity Development • Mali: University of Bamako: Advisors to doctoral students; support to professors through ICT, virtual library, and coaching; and building capacity in specialized disciplines where professors are in limited numbers. • Democratic Republic of Congo: Transfer of knowledge through the Diaspora (expatriate nationals) to create a critical mass of expertise in core public management institutions.

9. Higher Education and Institutional Capacity Development Ethiopia:Diaspora Health Professionals Mobilization Project: Pilot project for the “Virtual” mobilization of Ethiopian Diaspora professionals to improve services (strengthen service delivery capacity and improve graduate program curricula) in selected departments at the Addis Ababa University (AAU). The pilot has been expanded to strengthen: • The networking and coordination capacity of the participating departments, St. Paul, selected regional hospitals, and Diaspora Professional cluster teams • Collaborative content generation and delivery; and • The New Medical Education Initiative of the Human Resources for Health (HRH)2020 strategy of the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health

10. Higher Education and Institutional Capacity Development Ghana: Diaspora Education Professionals Mobilization Project designed to strengthen graduate education at the University of Ghana by enlisting Diaspora expertise. The project: • Forged partnerships between the Diaspora professionals and faculty at the University of Ghana. • Designed and operated a secured portal hosting a database of network members of 184 academics and professionals and 313 graduate students. • Promoted faculty and graduate student research and teaching. • Matched students from the university with Diaspora supervisors and mentors • Worked with the IT department to upgrade the computer facility of the Faculty of Social Sciences.