Reformation spreads across the continent

1. Reformation spreads across the continent

2. Church Reformation Continues • Ulrich Zwingli • I was highly educated and firmly believed in the Humanist Movement of the Renaissance. • I enjoyed reading the 95 Thesis of Luther; however, I came to my own conclusions about the corruption of the Church. • I brought the Reformation (changing/leaving the Catholic faith) to Zurich, Switzerland • I wanted Christians to study the bible on their own, deepen their faith and understanding through their own understanding. • The doctrinal matter that set me apart from Luther and Roman Catholicism was the Eucharist. I denied the real presence of Christ in the Host but instead it is a respectful remembrance. I met with him in Marburg to see if we could join our movements, but, alas, we could not resolve some of our differences.

3. Zwingli’s Sixty-Seven Articles • I, Ulrich Zwingli, confess that I have preached in the worthy city of Zurich these sixty-seven articles or opinions on the basis of Scripture, which is called theopneustos (that is, inspired by God). I offer to defend and vindicate these articles with Scripture. But if I have not understood Scripture correctly, I am ready to be corrected, but only from the same Scripture. • Notice, Pope, What Follows! • How the Prosperity of the Clergy Should Be Christ • 23. Christ condemns the prosperity and splendor of the world. Therefore, we conclude that those who accumulate wealth for themselves in his name slander him monstrously when they make him pretense for their own greed and wantonness. • Of Prayer • 44. True worshipers call upon God in spirit and in truth, without a lot of fuss before men. • 46. It must therefore follow that singing or clamoring in church, carried on without devotion and only for the praise of self, is done either for renown from men or profit

4. Of Forgiveness of Sins • 50. God alone forgives sins, only through Christ Jesus his Son, our Lord. • 51. Whoever ascribes this power to the creature takes away God's glory and gives it to someone who is not God. This is truly idolatry. • Of Purgatory • 58. The judgement of the departed is known to God alone. • 60. I do not condemn it if a person concerned about the dead calls upon God to show them mercy. Yet to fix the time for this (seven years for a mortal sin ) and to lie about such matters for the sake of gain is not human but diabolical.

5. Reformation continues to spread… but meets some opposition • John Calvin • I was originally educated in the law • I found truth in Luther’s teachings, and so taught the ideas of the Reformation in France. • I had to flee from France, and I found protection in Geneva, Switzerland and my followers there are called “Calvinists”. • My Church and teachings had one little twist; that God had already chosen who would be given entry into heaven – those people who could maintain proper conduct were probably part of the chosen group.

6. John Calvin Continued • Because I was so appalled by the Catholic church and its luxuries, my religious houses were very plain: no pictures, no organ, no laughing or making noise in the church. • Outside of church, my followers were not allowed to participate in fortunetelling, gambling, or dancing. • Despite all these harsh rules (which councils were elected to enforce) by the time I died in 1564, there were members following the faith across Europe.

7. The Reformation in England • Many players were involved in the Reformation of England’s church. But, it starts with Henry VII

8. The Reformation in England

9. Other Churches and Faiths Kept Springing Up!